Study overviews

Mobile phone related articles are

Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.

Experimental studies on mobile communications

1696 studies in total
  1. Health
    738 studies
  2. DNA, proteins, and oxidative stress
    561 studies
  3. Brain
    511 studies
  4. Cells
    220 studies
  5. Other
    204 studies
  6. Cell functions
    118 studies

Health

738 studies in total
  1. Effects on testis/sperms, fertility
    147 studies
  2. Organ parameter
    91 studies
  3. Blood parameter
    85 studies
  4. Behavior
    80 studies
  5. Effects on embryo/fetus
    73 studies
  6. Effects on the auditory system
    61 studies
  7. Heart rate/blood pressure
    58 studies
  8. Hypersensitivity/well-being/subjective complaints
    54 studies
  9. Endocrine changes (in general)
    53 studies
  10. Cancer
    47 studies
  11. Effects on the immune system
    33 studies
  12. Thermoregulation
    26 studies
  13. Effects on skin
    25 studies
  14. Endocrine changes (melatonin)
    19 studies
  15. Effects on bones (bone cells)
    16 studies
  16. Effects on eyes
    10 studies
  17. Effects on nerves (not CNS)
    9 studies
  18. Effects on the musculoskeletal system
    4 studies

Effects on testis/sperms, fertility 147 studies in total

List view
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Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Gorpinchenko I et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, human spermatozoa sperm parameter 900–1,800 MHz - intermittent every 10 minutes for 5 hours (standby mode with outgoing calls every 10 minutes) mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Boga A et al. 2016 animal, African clawed frog (<i>Xenopus laevis</i>) - - - - mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Margaritis LH et al. 2014 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/Oregon-R (wildtype) and <i>Drosophila virilis</i> reproduction of <i>Drosophila spec.</i> (apoptosis in follicles; quantification of F1 pupae) 27.15 MHz 1.2 W/kg 6 or 12 minutes daily for 1 (3rd day of experiment only), or 3 days (<i>D. virilis</i>) (follicles); 6 minutes daily for 7 days (<i>D. virilis</i>) (F1 pupae) mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, CW continuous wave, Bluetooth, DECT, W-LAN/WiFi, FM broadcast (UKW), microw. oven/heating device
Panagopoulos DJ 2012 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/Oregon-R ovarian development 900 MHz 0.795 W/kg continuous for 6 min., every 10 h (first exposure 3 h after eclosion), max. for 5 times mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, PW pulsed wave
Fasseas MK et al. 2015 invertebrate, nematode (<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>)/N2 (wild type), DR1572, DR26, TK22, CL4176, NL5901, RB864, CL2070 (<i>hsp-16.2</i>), CF1553 (<i>sod-3</i>), SJ4005 (<i>hsp-4</i>), LG333 (<i>skn-1</i>), LD1171 (<i>gcs-1</i>) and CL2166 (<i>gst-4</i>) effects on fertility, neurodegeneration, short-term memory, chemotaxis, stress, apoptosis, life span and growth of <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> 1,780–1,800 MHz - continuous for 0.5, 1, 3, 6 or 24 h mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, PW pulsed wave, DECT, W-LAN/WiFi
Pandey N et al. 2017 animal, mouse/swiss albino, whole body cell cycle and DNA damage in sperms 902.4 MHz 0.0054–0.0516 W/kg 4 h/day for 35 days mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, RF field
Panagopoulos DJ et al. 2010 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/Oregon-R reproductive capacity of <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> 900 MHz 0.89 W/kg continuous for 6 min/day on 5 days mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, RF field, electric field, magnetic field, low frequency
Sokolovic D et al. 2015 animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body oxidative stress in the testes 900 MHz 0.043–0.135 W/kg continuous for 4 hours/day for 20, 40 or 60 days mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, co-exposure
Geronikolou S et al. 2014 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/Oregon R (adults and pupae), whole body quantity of oviposition 864.1–868.1 MHz 0.7–5 mW/kg continuous for 20 min/day for 5 days mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, cordless phone
Kesari KK et al. 2011 animal, rat/Wistar, whole body effects on sperms (oxidative stress, cell cycle) 900 MHz 0.9 W/kg continuous for 2 h/day on 35 days mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, microwaves
Rago R et al. 2013 human semen quality, dimensions of semen-producing organs and the levels of some sex hormones in the blood 850–2,100 MHz - <2 hours/day mobile phone usage mobile phone, UMTS, mobile communications
Gautam R et al. 2019 animal, rat/Wistar - 1,915 MHz - - mobile phone, UMTS, mobile communications
Shirai T et al. 2014 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body fertility, development, brain functions and morphology of major organs of rats 2.14 GHz 0.034–0.244 W/g continuous for 20 h/day over 3 generations mobile phone, W-CDMA, mobile communications
Nakatani-Enomoto S et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, human spermatozoa sperm motility and oxidative stress 1,950 MHz 2–6 W/kg continuous for 1 hour mobile phone, W-CDMA, mobile communications
Imai N et al. 2011 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body testicular function 1.95 GHz 0.08–0.4 W/kg continuous for 5 h/day, 7 days/week during 5 weeks mobile phone, W-CDMA, mobile communications, RF field, CW continuous wave
Panagopoulos DJ et al. 2009 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/Oregon-R ovarian cell death/DNA fragmentation, reproductive capacity of <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> 900 MHz 0.89 W/kg continuous for 6 min/day on 5 days mobile phone, digital mobile phone, GSM, TDMA, mobile communications
Mailankot M et al. 2009 animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body sperm quality and free radical metabolism/oxidative stress in reproductive tissue 900 MHz–1.8 GHz - continuous for 1 h/day on 28 days mobile phone, digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Falzone N et al. 2010 human spermatozoa pro-apoptosis events in human spermatozoa (e.g. enzyme activity of caspases, externalization of phosphatidylserine, DNA strand breaks and production of reactive oxygen species) 900 MHz 2–5.7 W/kg continuous for 60 min. mobile phone, digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, PW pulsed wave
De Iuliis GN et al. 2009 intact cell/cell culture, human spermatozoa sperm motility, sperm vitality, sperm density, DNA damage and production of reactive oxygen species 1.8 GHz 0.4–27.5 W/kg continuous for 16 hr mobile phone, mobile communications
Celik S et al. 2012 animal, rat/Wistar-Kyoto, whole body histopathological or ultrastructural changes in the testes 1.8 GHz 1.58 W/kg continuous for 3 months mobile phone, mobile communications
Sepehrimanesh M et al. 2014 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body protein expression in testes 900 MHz 0.19–1.22 W/g repeated daily exposure for 1 h on 30 consecutive days mobile phone, mobile communications
Kumar S et al. 2014 animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body effects on testis and sperms 1,910.5 MHz 0.0226–1.34 W/kg continuous for 2 hours/day on 6 days/week for 60 days mobile phone, mobile communications
Karaman MI et al. 2014 animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body histology of rat testes - 1.52 W/kg 8 hours/day in talk mode and 16 hours/day in standby mode for 20 days mobile phone, mobile communications
Odaci E et al. 2015 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body histology, apoptosis and oxidative stress in the testes 900 MHz 0.025 W/kg continuous for 1 hour/day for 30 days mobile phone, mobile communications
Mugunthan N et al. 2015 animal, mouse/albino, whole body - 900–2,200 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications
Zalata A et al. 2015 intact cell/cell culture, human spermatozoa sperm parameters 850 MHz 1.46 W/kg continuous for 60 minutes mobile phone, mobile communications
Sehitoglu I et al. 2015 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley - 900 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications
Odaci E et al. 2016 - - 900 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications
Turedi S et al. 2016 - - 900 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications
Mugunthan N et al. 2014 animal, mouse/albino, whole body testis histology and blood testosterone level 900–1,900 MHz 1.69 W/kg intermittent 2 minutes every half an hour (total of 48 minutes per day) for 30 days mobile phone, mobile communications
Chen H et al. 2017 animal, mouse/KM - 935 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications
Kumar et al. 2012 invertebrate, honey bee (<i>Apis mellifera</i> L.) - - - - mobile phone, mobile communications
Dong VNK et al. 2022 animal, beagle (<i>Canis familiaris</i>) - 1,962–1,966 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications
Azadi Oskouyi E et al. 2015 animal, rabbit/New Zealand, whole body - 850–950 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications, FM frequency modulation
Ahmad L et al. 2011 intact cell/cell culture, human spermatozoa - 900 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications, GSM
Oyewopo AO et al. 2017 animal, rat/Wistar - 900–1,800 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications, GSM
Narayanan SN et al. 2018 animal, rat/Wistar albino - 900 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications, GSM
Çetkin M et al. 2017 animal, rat/Wistar albino - 890–915 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications, GSM, PW pulsed wave
Hanci H et al. 2013 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body: <i>in utero</i> DNA damage in plasma, apoptosis, histopathological changes and oxidative stress in testis 900 MHz - 1 h/day from 13th to 21st day of pregnancy mobile phone, mobile communications, RF field
Yahyazadeh A et al. 2020 animal, rat/Wistar albino - 900 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications, RF field, CW continuous wave, also other exposures without EMF
Fatahi Asl J et al. 2024 animal, rat/ Wistar - 915–2,450 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications, UHF fields, 2.45 GHz, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF
Bin-Meferij MM et al. 2015 - - 900 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications, co-exposure
Kesari KK et al. 2010 animal, rat/Wistar, whole body effects on sperms (protein kinase C enzyme activity, sperm count and apoptosis) - 0.9 W/kg continuous for 2 h/day on 35 days mobile phone, mobile communications, microwaves
Gutschi T et al. 2011 human male fertility - - - mobile phone, mobile communications, not extractable
Al-Ali BM et al. 2013 human erectile function of men - - - mobile phone, mobile communications, not extractable
Takahashi S et al. 2010 animal, rat/Crl:CD(SD), whole body effects on rat dams and their offspring (teratogenicity and embryo toxicity) 2.14 GHz 0.04–0.16 W/kg continuous for 20 hr/day from day 7 of gestation until weaning of F1 rats mobile phone, mobile phone base station, CDMA, mobile communications
Panagopoulos DJ et al. 2010 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/Oregon-R ovarian cell death/DNA fragmentation, reproductive capacity of <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> 900 MHz 0.89 W/kg continuous for 6 min/day on 6 days mobile phone, mobile phone base station, GSM, mobile communications