one animal per Plexiglas cage (length: 55 cm, width: 17.5 cm, height: 15 cm), ventilated with holes of 2 mm diameter
Setup
a mobile phone was placed on top of each exposure chamber; the phone was kept on "talk mode" at a fixed frequency and was connected to a stepper, which was programmed to keep the phone on an angular movement from 2° to 20° (moving at 2°/min) above the cage during exposure to simulate actual movement of a mobile phone during use
Pandey N et al.
(2017):
Radiofrequency radiation (900 MHz)-induced DNA damage and cell cycle arrest in testicular germ cells in swiss albino mice
Tumkaya L et al.
(2016):
Mobile phone radiation during pubertal development has no effect on testicular histology in rats
Sokolovic D et al.
(2015):
The Effects of Melatonin on Oxidative Stress Parameters and DNA Fragmentation in Testicular Tissue of Rats Exposed to Microwave Radiation
Odaci E et al.
(2015):
Exposure to a 900 MHz electromagnetic field for 1 hour a day over 30 days does change the histopathology and biochemistry of the rat testis
Dasdag S et al.
(2015):
Effect of long-term exposure of 2.4 GHz radiofrequency radiation emitted from Wi-Fi equipment on testes functions
Mugunthan N et al.
(2014):
Effects of long term exposure to a 2G cell phone radiation (900 - 1900 MHz) on mouse testis
Meena R et al.
(2014):
Therapeutic approaches of melatonin in microwave radiations-induced oxidative stress-mediated toxicity on male fertility pattern of Wistar rats
Karaman MI et al.
(2014):
The effects of electromagnetic waves emitted by the cell phones on the testicular tissue
Tas M et al.
(2014):
Long-term effects of 900 MHz radiofrequency radiation emitted from mobile phone on testicular tissue and epididymal semen quality
Jelodar G et al.
(2013):
The prophylactic effect of vitamin C on induced oxidative stress in rat testis following exposure to 900 MHz radio frequency wave generated by a BTS antenna model
Hanci H et al.
(2013):
The effect of prenatal exposure to 900-megahertz electromagnetic field on the 21-old-day rat testicle
Ozorak A et al.
(2013):
Wi-Fi (2.45 GHz)- and Mobile Phone (900 and 1800 MHz)-Induced Risks on Oxidative Stress and Elements in Kidney and Testis of Rats During Pregnancy and the Development of Offspring
Trosic I et al.
(2013):
Histological and cytological examination of rat reproductive tissue after short-time intermittent radiofrequency exposure
Al-Damegh MA
(2012):
Rat testicular impairment induced by electromagnetic radiation from a conventional cellular telephone and the protective effects of the antioxidants vitamins C and E
Celik S et al.
(2012):
An evaluation of the effects of long-term cell phone use on the testes via light and electron microscope analysis
Ozlem Nisbet H et al.
(2012):
Effects of exposure to electromagnetic field (1.8/0.9 GHz) on testicular function and structure in growing rats
Lee HJ et al.
(2012):
The effects of simultaneous combined exposure to CDMA and WCDMA electromagnetic fields on rat testicular function
Imai N et al.
(2011):
Effects on rat testis of 1.95-GHz W-CDMA for IMT-2000 cellular phones
Lee HJ et al.
(2010):
The lack of histological changes of CDMA cellular phone-based radio frequency on rat testis
Mailankot M et al.
(2009):
Radio frequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) from GSM (0.9/1.8GHz) mobile phones induces oxidative stress and reduces sperm motility in rats
Ribeiro EP et al.
(2007):
Effects of subchronic exposure to radio frequency from a conventional cellular telephone on testicular function in adult rats
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