Study overviews

Mobile phone related articles are

Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.

Experimental studies on mobile communications

1694 studies in total
  1. Health
    736 studies
  2. DNA, proteins, and oxidative stress
    560 studies
  3. Brain
    510 studies
  4. Cells
    220 studies
  5. Other
    204 studies
  6. Cell functions
    118 studies

DNA, proteins, and oxidative stress

560 studies in total
  1. (Oxidative) stress response
    305 studies
  2. Genotoxicity
    198 studies
  3. Gene/protein expression (in general)
    118 studies
  4. Gene/protein expression (HSP)
    42 studies

Genotoxicity 198 studies in total

List view Background information
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Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Maes A et al. 1996 intact cell/cell culture sister chromatid exchange 954 MHz 1.5 W/kg continuous for 2 h mobile phone base station, GSM, mobile communications, microwaves
Maes A et al. 1997 blood samples chromosome aberration; single-strand breaks (comet assay) 935.2 MHz 0.4 W/kg continuous for 2 h mobile communications, GSM, RF field, microwaves
Maes A et al. 2000 blood samples chromosome aberrations and sister chromatid exchan 455.7 MHz 6.5 W/kg continuous for 2 h analog mobile phone, mobile communications, microwaves
Maes A et al. 2001 intact cell/cell culture chromosome aberrations and sister chromatid exchange 900 MHz 0.4–10 W/kg continuous for 2 h GSM, mobile communications, microwaves, CW continuous wave, PW pulsed wave
Maes A et al. 2006 blood samples, human, whole body DNA damage (comet assay, sister chromatid exchange and chromosome aberrations) 147.25–900 MHz - repeated daily exposure, at least 1 h/day for 2.3 years (on average) mobile phone base station, mobile communications, microwaves, millimeter waves, occupational
Malyapa RS et al. 1997 intact cell/cell culture, C3H 10T1/2 cells (derived from mouse embryo fibroblasts) and U87MG (human glioblastoma cells) DNA damage (comet assay) 835.62 MHz 0.6 W/kg continuous for 2, 4 or 24 h mobile communications, CDMA, RF field, CW continuous wave
Manti L et al. 2008 intact cell/cell culture chromosome aberrations 1.95 GHz 0.5–2 W/kg continuous for 24 h digital mobile phone, UMTS, CDMA, mobile communications
Markova E et al. 2005 intact cell/cell culture chromatin conformation, analysis of tumor suppressor p53-binding protein 1 (53BP1) and of phosphorylated histone H2AX (gamma-H2AX) 905–915 MHz 37 mW/kg continuous for 1 h GSM, mobile communications, microwaves
Mashevich M et al. 2003 intact cell/cell culture loss and gain of chromosome 17; aneuploidy 830 MHz 2–8.2 W/kg continuous for 72 h mobile communications, mobile phone
McNamee JP et al. 2002 intact cell/cell culture DNA damage and formation of miconuclei 1.9 GHz 0.1–10 W/kg continuous for 2 h TDMA, mobile communications
McNamee JP et al. 2002 intact cell/cell culture DNA damage; formation of miconuclei 1.9 GHz 0.1–10 W/kg continuous for 2 h GSM, PCS, mobile communications, microwaves
Mišík M et al. 2023 intact cell/cell culture, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells - 1,950 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, UMTS, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF
Mokarram P et al. 2017 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley - - - - mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Moraitis N et al. 2015 intact cell/cell culture, Jurkat cells (human lymphoblastoid T cells) DNA damage in cells 1,966 MHz - continuous for 10 minutes UMTS, mobile communications, CW continuous wave
Nikolova T et al. 2005 intact cell/cell culture, ES R1 cells (mouse embryonic stem cells) different effects (e.g. different transcript levels, genotoxicity, proliferation, apoptosis, cytotoxicity, mitochondrial function) 50 Hz–1.25 kHz 1.5 W/kg intermittent, 5 min on/30 min off, for 6 h and 48 h GSM, mobile communications, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line
Panagopoulos DJ 2019 intact cell/cell culture, blood samples - 1,920–1,960 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, UMTS, W-CDMA
Panagopoulos DJ 2020 intact cell/cell culture, human lymphocytes - - - - mobile communications, UMTS, mobile phone, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Panagopoulos DJ 2024 intact cell/cell culture, human peripheral blood lymphocytes - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone, UMTS, 4G, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Perrin A et al. 2010 intact cell/cell culture, THP-1 cells (human monocytic leukemia cell line) DNA damage (comet assay and gamma-H2AX assay) 1,800 MHz 2–16 W/kg continuous for 2 h digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, RF field, PW pulsed wave, co-exposure
Pesnya DS et al. 2013 plant, <i>Allium ceps</i> (bulbs) - 890–915 MHz 1.4 W/kg continuous for 3 h/day on 3 days digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, PW pulsed wave, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Phillips JL et al. 1998 intact cell/cell culture, Molt-4 cells single-strand breaks (comet assay) 813.5625 MHz 2.4–26 µW/g intermittent 20 min on/off for 2, 3 and 21 hours iDEN, NADC, TDMA, mobile communications
Qureshi ST et al. 2017 plant, chickpea (<i>Cicer arietinum</i> L.) (root tips) - 900 MHz–3.31 GHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, wireless transmitter
Ravaioli F et al. 2023 intact cell/cell culture, HeLa cells, neuroblastoma BE(2)C cells and neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, RF field
Romeo S et al. 2020 blood samples - 1,950 MHz - - W-CDMA, mobile communications, RF field, CW continuous wave, co-exposure
Sahin D et al. 2016 animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body oxidative DNA damage in the brain 2,100 MHz 0.4 W/kg 6 h/day on 5 consecutive days/week for 2 weeks mobile phone, UMTS, mobile communications
Saka VP et al. 2023 intact cell/cell culture, primary cortical neurons (of rat) - 2,100 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, 4G, GSM, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Sakuma N et al. 2006 intact cell/cell culture, A172 (human glioblastoma cells) and IMR90 fibroblasts (from fetal lungs) DNA damage 2.1425 GHz 80–800 mW/kg continuous for 2 or 24 hours UMTS, mobile communications
Salmen SH et al. 2018 bacterium, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> - 900–1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field, co-exposure
Sangle V et al. 2023 human - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, CDMA
Sannino A et al. 2009 intact cell/cell culture DNA damage (micronucleus formation) 900 MHz 1.25–10 W/kg continuous for 20 h mobile phone, mobile communications, RF field
Sannino A et al. 2009 intact cell/cell culture DNA damage 900 MHz 1 W/kg continuous for 1 h or 24 h digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, RF field, co-exposure
Sannino A et al. 2011 intact cell/cell culture DNA damage (micronucleus formation) 900 MHz 1.25–10 W/kg continuous for 20 h mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, RF field
Sannino A et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, human lymphocytes DNA damage (micronucleus formation) 1,950 MHz 0.3 W/kg continuous for 20 hours mobile phone, UMTS, mobile communications
Sannino A et al. 2017 intact cell/cell culture, V79 (Chinese hamster fibroblast cells) - 1,950 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications, UMTS, co-exposure
Sannino A et al. 2022 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line); SH-SY5Y CRISPR cells - 1,950 MHz - - mobile communications, UMTS, co-exposure
Sannino A et al. 2022 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) - 1,950 MHz - - mobile communications, UMTS, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Sannino A et al. 2024 V79 (Chinese hamster fibroblast cells) - 1,950 MHz - - LTE, mobile communications, RF field, CW continuous wave, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF
Sarimov R et al. 2004 intact cell/cell culture chromatin conformation 895–915 MHz 5.4 mW/kg continuous for 30 min or 1 h GSM, mobile communications, microwaves
Scarfi MR et al. 2006 intact cell/cell culture DNA damage (micronucleus formation), cell cycle kinetic 900 MHz 1–10 W/kg continuous for 24 h GSM, mobile communications
Schrader T et al. 2011 intact cell/cell culture, FC2 cells (human-hamster hybrid (AL)) cells spindle disturbance 900 MHz 10.7–17.2 mW/kg continuous for 0.5 h mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, RF field, electric field, magnetic field
Schuermann D et al. 2020 intact cell/cell culture - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, UMTS, W-LAN/WiFi, RF field, EAS/RFID
Schwarz C et al. 2008 intact cell/cell culture, ES-1, IH-9, HW-2 (human diploid fibroblasts) and lymphocytes formation of micronuclei 1,950 MHz 0.05–2 W/kg continuous for 24 h digital mobile phone, UMTS, mobile communications
Sekeroglu V et al. 2012 animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body DNA damage (chromosome aberration, micronucleus test), cytotoxicity 1,800 MHz 0.37–0.49 W/kg continuous for two hours/day for 45 days mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Shahin-Jafari A et al. 2016 - - 900 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications
Sharma A et al. 2020 animal, rat/Wistar - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field
Sharma A et al. 2024 plant, onion (<i>Allium cepa</i> L.) - 800–2,300 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone base station
Sharma S et al. 2020 animal, rat/ Wistar - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field
Sharma S et al. 2023 plant, fenugreek (<i>Trigonella foenum-graecum</i>) (seeds) - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field
Silva V et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, primary human thyroid cells (from normal thyroid tissue) - 895–900 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications
Singh KV et al. 2023 animal, rat/ Wistar - 2,115 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone