研究のタイプ: 医学／生物学の研究 (experimental study)

[キイロョウジョウバエの生殖および発生に対する携帯電話放射の影響] med./bio.

Effects of mobile phone radiation on reproduction and development in Drosophila melanogaster

著者: Weisbrot D, Lin H, Ye L, Blank M, Goodman R
掲載誌: J Cell Biochem 2003; 89 (1): 48-55
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この研究は、GSMマルチバンド携帯電話（900 / 1900 MHz; SAR約1.4 W / kg）により生成された不連続無線周波（RF）信号がショウジョウバエに及ぼす影響を、産卵から蛹化を終えるまでの10日間の発達期間を通して観察した。その結果、GSM携帯電話からの非熱レベルの放射は、子孫の数を増やし、hsp70レベルを上昇させ、血清応答配列要素（SRE）のDNA結合を増加させ、核転写因子ELK-1のリン酸化を誘導した；これらの影響は、先行研究で低周波ばく露について報告されたものと同様である；非熱的ストレスによるhsp70の数分以内の急速な誘導は、信号伝達経路の特定された構成物質と共に、敏感で信頼性の高いバイオマーカとなる、と報告している。［JEICメモ：ショウジョウバエの世代間隔は10日。胚期1日、幼虫期4日（２回脱皮）、蛹期5日を経て成虫になる］。

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研究目的（著者による）

To study the effects of a radiofrequency signal produced by a GSM multiband mobile phone on Drosophila melanogaster, during the 10-day developmental period from egg laying through pupation.

詳細情報

The investigated serum response element (SRE) is a regulatory sequence required for a specific activation of the cellular immediate early genes, c-fos and c-jun.

影響評価項目

ばく露

ばく露 パラメータ
ばく露1: 1,900 MHz
Modulation type: pulsed
ばく露時間: repeated daily exposure, 2 times 60 min with a 4-h interval, for 10 days
  • SAR: 1.4 W/kg unspecified (cf. remarks) (determined by the manufacturer for a human head)
  • 電界強度: 2.2 V/m effective value (1.3-2.2 V/m at the antenna)
  • 電界強度: 3.3 V/m effective value (1.9-3.3 V/m at the speaker)

ばく露1

主たる特性
周波数 1,900 MHz
タイプ
  • electromagnetic field
ばく露時間 repeated daily exposure, 2 times 60 min with a 4-h interval, for 10 days
Modulation
Modulation type pulsed
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源／構造
  • セルラ－電話
チャンバの詳細 Flies were placed into 50-ml cylindrical glass vials (2.5 cm diameter and 10 cm height), with standard food 1 cm thick at the bottom of the vials.
ばく露装置の詳細 Five vials were placed parallel to the antenna of a GSM phone either with power off, or active, or active with an MP12 device attached.
Sham exposure A sham exposure was conducted.
Additional information The model MP12 commercial "Mitigation Device" was a "magnetic oscillator 0.8/0.9 GHz/1.8/1.9 GHz". According to the manufacturer, the frequency range is measurable by SQUID only. The main frequencies observed in ELF were 10/12 Hz and 40/45 Hz, and the intensity of the magnetic field was 100/150 Femto-Tesla. Non-phospho-ELK-1 served as a positive control.
パラメータ
測定量 値 種別 Method Mass 備考
SAR 1.4 W/kg unspecified 備考を参照のこと。 cf. remarks determined by the manufacturer for a human head
電界強度 2.2 V/m effective value 測定値 - 1.3-2.2 V/m at the antenna
電界強度 3.3 V/m effective value 測定値 - 1.9-3.3 V/m at the speaker
測定および計算の詳細

Emissions from the mobile phone were measured in air under four sets of conditions: without the battery charger, with the MP12, with the battery charger, and with both the MP12 and the battery charger in order to determine the effect of the MP12 device. Measurements were made in three ranges, RF (1900 MHz), ELF (0-100 Hz) and ELF (0-500 Hz), and at two locations on the mobile phone, the antenna and the speaker: RF 1900 MHz emissions at 2.5 cm from the middle of the 10-cm phone antenna and 2.5 cm from the speaker; ELF (0-100 Hz, 0-500 Hz) emissions at 7 cm from the middle of the antenna; ELF (0-500 Hz) emissions at 7 cm from the speaker. ELF(0-100 Hz) emissions from the speaker were not measured. In the RF range, an electric field probe with wide band analyzer was used. In the ELF range, an electric and magnetic field analyzer and probe were used, along with a spectrum analyzer. All RF and ELF measurements were made for 6 min, with corresponding rms and maximum peak intensity values. Specific ELF frequency measured at the speaker was 35 Hz at 0.85 V/m with its harmonics at 105, 175, 245, 315, 385 Hz. The frequency appeared as soon as the phone was switched on, even if not connected to the provider net.

ばく露を受けた生物:

方法 影響評価項目／測定パラメータ／方法

研究対象とした生物試料:
調査の時期:
  • ばく露中
  • ばく露後

研究の主なアウトカム（著者による）

The non-thermal irradiation from the GSM mobile phone increased numbers of offspring, elevated HSP70 levels, increased serum response element DNA-binding and induced the phosphorylation of the nuclear transcription factor, ELK-1.

研究の種別:

研究助成

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