Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sommer AM et al. | 2007 | 動物, mouse/AKR/J, 全身 | lymphoma development | 1.966 GHz | 0.4 W/kg | almost continuous for up to 248 days | デジタル携帯電話, UMTS, 移動体通信システム |
Saran A et al. | 2007 | 動物, mouse/<i>Patched1</i> (heterozygous knockout mouse) and wild type, 全身 | carcinogenesis and tumor promotion | 900 MHz | 0.4 W/kg | 0.5 h/twice a day for 5 days (from day 2 to day 6 after birth) with a 6 h intervall between exposures | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Hruby R et al. | 2008 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 | mammary tumor | 902 MHz | 0.4–4 W/kg | repeated daily exposure, 4 h/day, 5 days/week, for 6 months | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Shirai T et al. | 2005 | 動物, rat/Fischer 344, 身体の一部: head | brain and spinal cord tumors | 1.439 GHz | 0.4–6 W/kg | repeated daily exposure, 90 min/day, 5 days/week for 104 weeks | PDC, TDMA, 移動体通信システム |
Tillmann T et al. | 2007 | 動物, mouse/B6C3F1 | carcinogenic effect | 902–1,747 MHz | 0.4–33.2 mW/g | repeated daily exposure, 2 h/day, 5 days/week, for 2 years | GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Smith P et al. | 2007 | 動物, rat/Han Wistar (HanBrl:WIST), 全身 | carcinogenicity | 902 MHz | 0.41–4 W/kg | repeated daily exposure, 2 h/day, 5 days/week, for 52 or 104 weeks | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Zook BC et al. | 2001 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 身体の一部: head, nose | brain and spinal cord tumors | 860 MHz | 0.42–1 W/kg | repeated daily exposure, 6 h/day, 5 days/week, from 2 up to 24 months of age | 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話 |
Zook BC et al. | 2006 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 身体の一部: head, nose | brain and spinal cord tumors (spinal nerve, spinal cord, cranial nerve, and brain tumors) | 860 MHz | 0.42–1 W/kg | repeated daily exposure, 6 h/day, 5 days/week, from 52 ± 2 days of age until scheduled killing at 30-day intervals between 171 and 325 days of age | デジタル携帯電話, 移動体通信システム |
Yu D et al. | 2006 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 | mammary tumors | 900 MHz | 0.44–4 W/kg | repeated daily exposure, 4 h/day, 5 days/week, for 26 weeks | GSM, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波 |
Shirai T et al. | 2007 | 動物, rat/Fischer 344, 身体の一部: nose/head | tumor development in the central nervous system | 1.95 GHz | 0.464–7.6 W/kg | repeated daily exposure, 90 min/day, 5 days/week, for 104 weeks, starting at 5 weeks of age | デジタル携帯電話, CDMA, 移動体通信システム |
Heikkinen P et al. | 2003 | 動物, mouse/transgenic of the line K2 (over-expressing the human ODC gene) and non-transgenic littermate, 全身 | skin tumours | 849 MHz | 0.5–4 W/kg | repeated daily exposure for 1.5 h/day, 5 days/week for 52 weeks | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, D-AMPS, 移動体通信システム |
Oberto G et al. | 2007 | 動物, mouse/PIM (transgenic mouse carrying the <i>pim</i>-1 oncogene) and wild-type C57BL6 mouse, 全身 | tumor (lymphoma) incidence | 900 MHz | 0.5–4 W/kg | repeated daily exposure, 1 h/day, for 18 months | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム |
Tillmann T et al. | 2010 | 動物, mouse/B6C3F1, 全身 | neoplasms and pre-neoplastic lesions and tumour incidences in spleen, kidneys, liver, lung, lymph nodes, and brain | 1,966 MHz | 0.62–5.76 W/kg | continuous for 20 hr/day, 7 days/week for up to 24 months | UMTS, 移動体通信システム |
Akhavan-Sigari R et al. | 2014 | ヒト, 身体の一部: head | relationship between <i>p53</i> expression, <i>p53</i> mutations, survival time and cell phone usage | 800–1,900 MHz | 0.66–1.53 W/kg | repeated daily exposure of less than 3 hours | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム |
Imaida K et al. | 1998 | 動物, rat/Fischer 344, 全身 | liver cancer | 1.439 GHz | 0.68–7.6 W/kg | repeated daily exposure for 90 min/day, 5 days/week, over 6 weeks | TDMA, 移動体通信システム |
Higashikubo R et al. | 1999 | 動物, rat/Fischer 344, implemented with different numbers of 9L gliosarcoma cells, 身体の一部: head | brain tumor | 835.26 MHz | 0.75 W/kg | repeated daily exposure, 4 h/day, 5 days/week, for up to 178 days | 移動体通信システム, CDMA |
Imaida K et al. | 1998 | 動物, rat/Fischer 344, 全身 | liver cancer | 929.2 MHz | 0.8–72 W/kg | repeated daily exposure, 90 min/day, 5 days a week, over 6 weeks | 移動体通信システム, PDC, TDMA |
Adey WR et al. | 1999 | 動物, rat/Fischer 344, 全身, 身体の一部: head | CNS tumors | 836.55 MHz | 1–1.4 W/kg | continuous for about 25 days, see add. information | NADC, TDMA, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波 |
LaRegina MC et al. | 2003 | 動物, rat/Fischer 344 | がん | 835.62 MHz | 1.3 W/kg | repeated daily exposure, 4 h/day, 5 days/week, over two years | 移動体通信システム, CDMA, FDMA, マイクロ波 |
Repacholi MH et al. | 1997 | 動物, mouse/Eµ-<i>Pim1</i><!--Eµ-Pim1--> transgenic (ppG64) and nontransgenic C57BL/6NTac, 全身 | lymphoma | 900 MHz | 1.4–4.2 W/kg | repeated daily exposure for 30 min every 12 h for up to 18 months | GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Lee HJ et al. | 2011 | 動物, mouse/AKR/J, 全身 | carcinogenesis (lymphoma incidence) | 848.5–1,950 MHz | 2 W/kg | continuous for 45 min/day, 5 days/week for up to 42 weeks | 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話, CDMA, W-CDMA |
Liu YX et al. | 2015 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, U251-MG, U87-MG, T98G and A127 (human glioblastoma cell lines) | cellular parameters <i>in vitro</i> and tumorigenesis <i>in vivo</i> | 1,950 MHz | 5 W/kg | continuous for 12 hours | 携帯電話, CDMA, 移動体通信システム |
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