この研究は、CD-1マウスを用いて、平面波の2.45GHz連続波（CW）マイクロ波ばく露による胎児毒性および催奇形性を調べた。実験1は、妊娠1〜15日目に、入射電力密度5mW / cm 2（SAR 6.7mW / gm）に毎日8時間ばく露、実験2は、妊娠1〜6日目または6〜15日目のどちらかに、21mW / cm 2（SAR 28.14mW / gm）または30mW / cm 2（SAR 40.2mW / gm）に毎日8時間ばく露を与えた。実験2では、21または30mW / cm 2のばく露により、母マウスの結腸温度はそれぞれ1℃および2.3℃上昇した。21または30mW / cm2のばく露における「熱」および「非熱」の効果を区別するために、別のマウスグループでマイクロ波ばく露時の体温レベルにまで体温上昇させるような周囲温度ばく露を与えたところ、30℃および31℃の周囲温度が、21および30mW / cm 2のマイクロ波ばく露時の結腸深部温度にまで温度上昇させた。温度ばく露群とマイクロ波ばく露群は全く同じ方法で取り扱った。その結果、妊娠の1〜6日または6〜15日のばく露のどちらにおいても全てのマウスで母体体重増加の有意な減少が観察された；妊娠6~15日での周囲温度（30℃または31℃）ばく露群では、このような母体体重増加の減少度合が増した；妊娠1〜6日での30mW / cm2ばく露群では、1腹あたりの着床数および胎仔重量の有意な減少が見られた；このばく露群では、他の処置群に比べ、口蓋裂を主に伴う奇形胎仔の発生率がわずかではあるが有意に増加した、と報告している。
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This study was conducted to examine the embryo and fetus development in 2.45 GHz irradiated mice.
Mice were exposed to electromagnetic field during the first 15 days of gestation. To distinguish between thermal and nonthermal effects of the power densities of 21 or 30 mW/cm2, groups of mice were also exposed to 30 and 31°C leading to comparable body temperature increase as due to radio frequency exposure. On day 18 of gestation, the dams were sacrificed and their reproductive status was determined.
Dead mice were exposed (see further exposure parameters "exposure 2") for specific absorption rate evaluation close to the uterus.
| ばく露 | パラメータ |
|---|---|
|
ばく露1:
2.45 GHz
Modulation type:
CW
ばく露時間:
continuous 4h
initial experiment for the measurement of the rectal temperature
|
|
|
ばく露2:
2.45 GHz
Modulation type:
CW
ばく露時間:
not given in the article
determination of SAR
|
|
|
ばく露3:
2.45 GHz
Modulation type:
CW
ばく露時間:
2 times 4h/d for 15 days (days 1 - 15 of gestation)
exposure on days 1 - 15 of gestation
|
|
|
ばく露4:
2.45 GHz
Modulation type:
CW
exposure on days 1 - 6 or 6 -15 of gestation
|
|
|
ばく露5:
2.45 GHz
Modulation type:
CW
ばく露時間:
2 times 4h
single exposure
|
|
ばく露6:
temperature exposure
|
- |
there were two sham exposure groups: one handled - moved between cages as the exposed animals nonhandled - not moved
| 周波数 | 2.45 GHz |
|---|---|
| タイプ |
|
| ばく露時間 | continuous 4h |
| Additional information | initial experiment for the measurement of the rectal temperature |
| Modulation type | CW |
|---|
| ばく露の発生源／構造 | |
|---|---|
| ばく露装置の詳細 | 2.5 m x 3.0 m x 2.5 m chamber lined with HYP-18 microwave absorber (-45 dB at 2.45 GHz); mice placed in 5 cm x 10 cm, 15 cm high Styrofoam cages on Styrofoam shelves inside the chamber; exposure from above through absorber-lined antenna |
| Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
| 周波数 | 2.45 GHz |
|---|---|
| タイプ |
|
| ばく露時間 | not given in the article |
| Additional information | determination of SAR |
| Modulation type | CW |
|---|
| ばく露の発生源／構造 |
|
|---|---|
| ばく露装置の詳細 | dead mice used in streched, curled and sitting position |
| 周波数 | 2.45 GHz |
|---|---|
| タイプ |
|
| ばく露時間 | 2 times 4h/d for 15 days (days 1 - 15 of gestation) |
| Additional information | exposure on days 1 - 15 of gestation |
| Modulation type | CW |
|---|
| ばく露の発生源／構造 |
|
|---|---|
| Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
| Modulation type | CW |
|---|
| ばく露の発生源／構造 |
|
|---|---|
| Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
The exposure to 2.45 GHz at power densities of 5 and 21 W/cm2 did not produce any adverse effects in dams or fetus.
At the exposure to a power density of 30 W/cm2 during days 1-6 of gestation a significant decrease in implantation sites per litter and average fetal weight was found. Exposure to 30 W/cm2 during days 6-15 resulted in slight increase in malformed fetuses.
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