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Background/further details:
Two experiments were performed. For the first experiment, male rats were divided into a sham exposure or an exposure group (n=6 per group). Blood was collected immediately after exposure for a testosteroneassay. Immediately after the last exposure, the rats were sacrificed and the sperms collected. The caspase-3 activity was measured and sperm samples were morphological examined. For the second experiment, 18 rats were divided into two groups: sham exposed group (male=3, female =6) and exposed group (male=3, female=6). After the exposure, rats of each group were mated. The number and the weight of the pups were regarded.
rats placed individually in 18-22 cm long, 5.7 cm high and 4-7 cm wide Plexiglas cages, fixed with anechoic material and ventilated with 1 cm diameter holes; the cages were pasted with anechoic material on two sides of each box (top was not covered)
Setup
mobile phone positioned on the top of the cage; mobility of the rats in the cage was limited to 1-2 cm; cell phones in silent mode without vibration
Pandey N et al.
(2017):
Radiofrequency radiation (900 MHz)-induced DNA damage and cell cycle arrest in testicular germ cells in swiss albino mice.
Meena R et al.
(2014):
Therapeutic approaches of melatonin in microwave radiations-induced oxidative stress-mediated toxicity on male fertility pattern of Wistar rats.
Sepehrimanesh M et al.
(2014):
Impact of 900 MHz electromagnetic field exposure on main male reproductive hormone levels: a Rattus norvegicus model.
Marzook EM et al.
(2014):
Protective role of sesame oil against mobile base station-induced oxidative stress.
Otitoloju AA et al.
(2010):
Preliminary study on the induction of sperm head abnormalities in mice, Mus musculus, exposed to radiofrequency radiations from global system for mobile communication base stations.
Sommer AM et al.
(2009):
Effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (UMTS) on reproduction and development of mice: a multi-generation study.
Desai NR et al.
(2009):
Pathophysiology of cell phone radiation: oxidative stress and carcinogenesis with focus on male reproductive system.
Mailankot M et al.
(2009):
Radio frequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) from GSM (0.9/1.8GHz) mobile phones induces oxidative stress and reduces sperm motility in rats.
Brown-Woodman PD et al.
(1989):
Evaluation of reproductive function of female rats exposed to radiofrequency fields (27.12 MHz) near a shortwave diathermy device.