研究状況の概観

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

843研究
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    308研究
  2. Other
    298研究
  3. Central nervous system
    115研究
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52研究
  5. Fertility
    45研究
  6. Growth
    15研究
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    10研究

Teratogenicity, embryogenesis

308研究
  1. Low frequency
    156研究
  2. Radio frequency
    134研究
  3. DC and static fields
    38研究
  4. Other
    2研究

Radio frequency 134研究

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Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Tyndall DA 1993 動物, mouse/C57BL/6J (embryo), 全身: <i>in utero</i> - - - 36 min/day from day 7 to day 14 of gestation 静磁界, MRI
Zimmermann B et al. 1987 動物, mouse/NMRI, 全身 - - - continuous for 18 days 静磁界, DC, MRI
Konermann G et al. 1986 動物, mouse/albino - - - - 静磁界, DC, MRI
Tyndall DA 1990 動物, mouse/C57BL/6J, 全身: <i>in utero</i> - - - - MRI, 共ばく露, 非EMF
Gu Y et al. 2001 動物, mouse/ICR (embryo), 全身: <i>in utero</i> - - - - MRI, 非EMF, 共ばく露
Okazaki R et al. 2001 動物, mouse/ICR, 全身: <i>in utero</i> - - - continuously for 2 days 静磁界, MRI, 共ばく露
Rofsky NM et al. 1994 動物, mouse/CD-1, 全身 - - - - MRI, 共ばく露, 非EMF
Jiang ML et al. 2003 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley (embryo), 全身: <i>in utero</i> - - - - MRI
Zhu C et al. 2011 動物, rat/Wistar (embryo), 全身: <i>in utero</i> - - - - MRI
Behr KP et al. 1991 動物, chicken embryos, 全身: <i>in ovo</i> - - - - RF電磁界, 静磁界, MRI
Lyaginskaja AM et al. 2010 - - - - - RF電磁界, 発生源は不明
Umur AS et al. 2013 動物, chicken embryos/White Leghorn (eggs), 全身 development of the neural tube - 0.77 W/kg standby mode for 30, 48 or 72 hours 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム
Wang Y et al. 2016 ヒト, 全身 - - - - MRI
Boga A et al. 2016 動物 - - - - 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム
Pais-Roldan P et al. 2016 動物, zebrafish embryos and larvae - - - - 静磁界, DC, MRI
Moghimi A et al. 2009 動物, mouse/BALB/c - - - - GSM, 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話, マイクロ波, RF電磁界
D'Silva MH et al. 2017 動物 - - - - 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話, UHF電磁界
Kantarcioglu E et al. 2018 動物 - - - - 静磁界, MRI
Andrašková S et al. 2022 - - - - - マイクロ波, 2.45 GHz
Sabban IF et al. 2018 動物, rat/ Wistar - - - - 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話
Vagula M et al. 2013 動物, zebrafish embryos (<i>Danio rerio</i>) - - - - 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話
Liu C et al. 2023 動物 - - - - 静磁界, MRI
Wu H et al. 2023 - - - - - W-LAN/WiFi, RF電磁界, 2.45 GHz
Karadayi A et al. 2024 - - - - - CW　連続波, W-LAN/WiFi, マイクロ波, 2.45 GHz
Prasad N et al. 1990 動物, embryos of <i>Rana pipiens</i> (Northern leopard frog), 全身: <i>in ovo</i> - 0 Hz - 1 hr RF電磁界, 静磁界, MRI
Gagnon ZE et al. 2003 動物, mouse/Swiss Webster, 全身 embryo development 0 Hz–25 MHz - exposure started on the 18th day of pregnancy; one week later, offspring was born and maintained together with their mothers for 21 days. After that, only the mothers were left to continue for another 4 weeks. EMF全般
Yip YP et al. 1994 動物, chicken/White Leghorn, 全身: <i>in ovo</i> - 15–200 Hz - continuous for 6 h MRI
Heinrichs WL et al. 1988 動物, mouse/BALB/c, 全身 - 15–400 Hz - continuous for 16 h MRI, 非EMF
Pafkova H et al. 1994 動物, chicken (embryo), 全身 - 50 Hz - see remark* 50/60 Hz (AC), therapeutic/medical device
Tsybulin O et al. 2013 動物, Japanese quail (<i>Coturnix coturnix japonica</i>), 全身: <i>in ovo</i> number of somites in the embryos 890–915 Hz 3 µW/kg intermittent for 38 h: 48 sec "on" (speech mode), 12 sec "off" 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム
Nelson BK et al. 1997 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley CD, 全身 teratogenicity 10 MHz 0.8–7.9 W/kg continuous for 2, 4 or 6 h RF電磁界
Nelson BK et al. 1991 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley CD, 全身 teratogenicity 10 MHz 0.8–6.6 W/kg until the rectal temperature increased to 42°C and a moderate incidence of external malformations were produced; total exposure time ca. 1 h RF電磁界, CW　連続波
Nelson BK et al. 1994 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley CD, 全身 teratogenicity (malformations of fetuses) 10 MHz 800 µW/g–6.6 mW/g 0, 10, 20 or 30 min RF電磁界, CW　連続波
Nelson BK et al. 1999 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley CD, 全身 teratogenicity 10 MHz 0.8–8 W/kg 20 min (to raise the temperature from its normal baseline to 41°C) plus 60 min RF電磁界
Nelson BK et al. 2001 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley CD, 全身 teratogenicity 10 MHz 800 µW/g–7.9 mW/g continuous; 20 + 60 min RF電磁界, CW　連続波
Nelson BK et al. 1997 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley CD, 全身 teratogenicity 10 MHz 800 µW/g–6.6 mW/g ca. 30 min to raise the animal`s colonic temperature from 38°C to 42°C, then additional 10 min exposure to maintain the temperature at 42°C RF電磁界
Nelson BK et al. 1998 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley CD-VAF/Plus, 全身 teratogenicty 10 MHz 800 µW/g–8 mW/g 2 or 4 h RF電磁界, CW　連続波
Lary JM et al. 1982 - - 27.12 MHz - gestation day 1,3,5,7,9,11,13 or 15 RF電磁界, CW　連続波
Lieb RJ et al. 1980 - - 27.12 MHz - continuous for 20 min therapeutic/medical device
Dietzel F 1975 - - 27.12 MHz - 5 min UHF電磁界, マイクロ波
Tofani S et al. 1986 - - 27.12 MHz - continuous -
Dietzel F et al. 1972 動物, 身体の一部: abdomen intrauterine development (teratogenic effects and mortality) 27.12 MHz - continuous for approx. 10 min. (rectal temperatures of 42°C) at different days of early pregnancy マイクロ波, 電子レンジ／加熱装置, therapeutic/medical device
Prasad N et al. 1982 動物, embryos of <i>Rana pipiens</i> (Northern leopard frog), 全身: <i>in ovo</i> - 30 MHz - - MRI
Tyndall DA et al. 1991 動物, mouse/C57BL/6J (embryo), 全身: <i>in utero</i> - 64 MHz - continuous for 36 min. on gestational day 7 MRI
Kay HH et al. 1988 動物, embryos of <i>Xenopus laevis</i> (African clawed frog), 全身: <i>in ovo</i> - 64 MHz - - MRI
Magras IN et al. 1997 動物, mouse/BALB/c/f, 全身 teratogenicity 88.5–950 MHz 1.936 µW/g 5 pregnancies 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界, ラジオ／TV送信機, TV 放送 (VHF/UHF), FM 放送（UKW）, AMラジオ送信機, SW 放送 (KW)
Xenos TD et al. 2003 動物, mouse/Bulb/c/f; Japanese quail (<i>Coturnix coturnix Japonica</i>); chicken eggs of the strain KOBB; rat, 全身 development during prenatal exposure 95 MHz 189 µW/kg–5.655 mW/kg continuous for 6 months RF電磁界, マイクロ波, UHF電磁界, ラジオ／TV送信機, TV 放送 (VHF/UHF), FM 放送（UKW）
Smialowicz RJ et al. 1981 - - 100 MHz 2.8 W/kg 4 h/day RF電磁界, CW　連続波
Lary JM et al. 1983 - - 100 MHz 0.4 W/kg 6 h 40 min /day - on gestation days 6 - 11 (total 40h) 低レベルマイクロ波, CW　連続波
Cobb BL et al. 2000 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 teratogenicity/ontogeny 0.1–1 GHz 45 mW/kg repeated daily exposure for 2 min, see add. information マイクロ波パルス, UWB