Study overviews

Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.

Experimental studies on magnetic power frequency fields (50/60 Hz)

2101 studies in total
  1. Health
    785 studies
  2. DNA, proteins, and oxidative stress
    654 studies
  3. Cells
    532 studies
  4. Other
    429 studies
  5. Cell functions
    338 studies
  6. Brain
    215 studies

Health

785 studies in total
  1. Effects on embryo/fetus
    116 studies
  2. Behavior
    109 studies
  3. Blood parameter
    103 studies
  4. Organ parameter
    93 studies
  5. Effects on testis/sperm/ovaries, fertility
    86 studies
  6. Cancer
    81 studies
  7. Endocrine changes (melatonin)
    75 studies
  8. Effects on the immune system
    67 studies
  9. Endocrine changes (in general)
    65 studies
  10. Heart rate/blood pressure
    49 studies
  11. Effects on bones (bone cells)
    35 studies
  12. Effects on nerves (not CNS)
    29 studies
  13. Effects on skin
    27 studies
  14. Hypersensitivity/well-being/subjective complaints
    23 studies
  15. Effects on eyes
    13 studies
  16. Blood flow (not brain)
    8 studies
  17. Effects on the musculoskeletal system
    7 studies
  18. Effects on the auditory system
    6 studies
  19. Sensing threshold
    2 studies
  20. Effects on the respiratory system
    one study

Cancer 81 studies in total

List view
10 25 50
Authors Year Exposed system Parameters Magnetic flux density/field strength
Authors Year Exposed system Parameters Magnetic flux density/field strength
Mohamad EA et al. 2025 mouse/Swiss injected with Ehrlich tumor carcinoma cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF -
Vornoli A et al. 2022 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, low frequency, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure -
Orel VE et al. 2021 animal, rats (implanted with Walker-256 carcinosarcoma cells), whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, electric field, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure -
Touitou Y et al. 2020 human, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, electrical substation, occupational, residential, personal 0.24–2.48 µT
Yadamani S et al. 2020 - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure -
Rageh MM et al. 2019 animal, mouse/BALB/c magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 50 mT
Campos-Sanchez E et al. 2019 animal, mouse/Sca1‐ETV6‐RUNX1 (model organism for childhood leukemia), whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1.5 mT
Balbaa AO et al. 2019 - 50/60 Hz, magnetic field, electric field, co-exposure -
Yuan LQ et al. 2018 intact cell/cell culture, nephroblastoma and neuroblastoma cell lines (G401, CHLA255, N2a), animal, nude mice, whole body magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Bua L et al. 2018 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 2–1,000 µT
Soffritti M et al. 2016 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 1 mT
Qi G et al. 2015 animal, mouse/B6C3F1, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 50 µT
Tuncel H et al. 2013 animal, rat/ Wistar, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 5 mT
Delle Monache S et al. 2013 intact cell/cell culture, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and mouse pancreatic endothelial cell line (MS-1) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 1–2 mT
El-Bialy NS et al. 2013 animal, mouse/BALB, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 10 mT
Basile A et al. 2011 intact cell/cell culture, human melanoma cell lines (M14 and A375), animal, mouse/BALB/c nu/nu mic with M14 xenografts, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 30 A/m
Chung MK et al. 2010 animal, mouse/AKR, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line 5–500 µT
Bernard N et al. 2008 animal, rat/ WKAH/Hkm, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 5–100 µT
Chung MK et al. 2008 animal, rat/Fischer 344, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 5–500 µT
Fedrowitz M et al. 2008 animal, rat/Fischer 344; Sprague-Dawley; Lewis, whole body magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 100 µT
Negishi T et al. 2008 animal, mouse/CD-1, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 7–350 µT
Sommer AM et al. 2006 animal, mouse/AKR/J, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Fedrowitz M et al. 2005 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley (substrains SD1, SD2, and SD3) and Wistar (both outbred rat strains); 5 inbred strains: rat/Fischer 344, Lewis, WAG/Rij, Wistar-Kyoto, and Copenhagen, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 100 µT
Fedrowitz M et al. 2004 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley (substrains SD1 and SD2), whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, co-exposure 100 µT
Sommer AM et al. 2004 animal, mouse/AKR/J, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1–100 µT
Zapponi GA et al. 2004 animal, rat/F344/N and rat/Sprague-Dawley and mouse/B6C3F, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 500–1,000 µT
Tofani S et al. 2003 animal, mouse/C57BL/6 and mouse/BDF1, whole body magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 5.5 mT
McLean JR et al. 2003 animal, mouse/SENCAR, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 235 nT–2 mT
Tuncel H et al. 2002 animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 5 mT
Otaka Y et al. 2002 animal, mouse/B6C3F1 (F1 generation from male C3H/HeJ and female C57BL/6J mice), whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 500 µT–5 mT
Tofani S et al. 2002 animal, mouse/CD-1 nu-nu (nude), whole body magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1–5.5 mT
Bastide M et al. 2001 animal, chicken embryos (eggs) and chicks, mouse/C57BL/6 j RJ, whole body mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, PC/TV monitor, shielding/field deprivation 0.03 µT–660 nT
Vallejo D et al. 2001 animal, mouse/OF1, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 15 µT
Heikkinen P et al. 2001 animal, mouse/CBA/s, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 90 nT–41 µT
Tofani S et al. 2001 intact cell/cell culture, WiDr (colon adenocarcinoma cells), MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma cells), MRC-5 (embryonal lung cells), animal, mouse/CD-1 nu-nu (nude), whole body magnetic field, static magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, DC 300 µT–2.5 mT
Anderson LE et al. 2001 animal, rat/Fischer 344, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Devevey L et al. 2000 animal, rat/BNML (acute myeloid leukemic brown Norway rat), whole body magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 100 µT
Galloni P et al. 2000 animal, mouse/DBA2J, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 2 mT
Babbitt JT et al. 2000 animal, mouse/C57BL/6, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 1.42 mT
Mandeville R et al. 2000 animal, rat/Fischer 344, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 2–2,000 µT
Thun-Battersby S et al. 1999 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 100 µT
Boorman GA et al. 1999 animal, rat/Fischer 344/N, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 2 µT–1 mT
Anderson LE et al. 1999 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 100–500 µT
Morris JE et al. 1999 animal, rat/Fischer 344, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
McCormick DL et al. 1999 animal, mouse/B6C3F1, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 2 µT–1 mT
DiGiovanni J et al. 1999 animal, mouse/SENCAR, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure, source not given 2 mT
Boorman GA et al. 1999 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 100–500 µT
Singh S et al. 1999 animal, mouse/Swiss, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational 2 mT
Mevissen M et al. 1998 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 100 µT
Sasser LB et al. 1998 animal, mouse/SENCAR, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 2 mT