研究のタイプ: 医学/生物学の研究 (experimental study)

[50Hz超低周波電磁界および1800 MHz高周波電磁界によりGC-2細胞に誘導された遺伝毒性の比較] med./bio.

Comparison of the genotoxic effects induced by 50 Hz extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields and 1800 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic fields in GC-2 cells

掲載誌: Radiat Res 2015; 183 (3): 305-314

この研究は、マウス精母細胞由来細胞株GC-2に、超低周波電磁界(50Hz ELF-EMF:1、2、3mT)および高周波電磁界(1800MHz RF-EMF:1、2、4W/kg)の間欠的ばく露(ON:5分間、OFF:15分間)を24時間継続した後、さまざまな遺伝毒性試験を行った。その結果、ELF-EMFRF-EMFのいずれでも細胞生存率への影響はなかった;3mTのELF-EMFで、DNA鎖切断有意な増加が見られたが、RF-EMFでは見られなかった;SAR値4W/kgのRF-EMFで、DNA塩基酸化損傷誘導が有意であったが、ELF-EMFでは見られなかった、と報告している。

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研究目的(著者による)

The genotoxic effects of exposure of mouse spermatocyte-derived cells to either a 50 Hz or 1800 MHz electromagnetic field should be investigated and compared.

詳細情報

Cells were either exposed to a 50 Hz magnetic field with 1 mT (group 1), 2 mT (group 2) or 3 mT (group 3) or to a 1800 MHz electromagnetic field with an SAR value of 1 W/kg (group 4), 2 W/kg (group 5) or 4 W/kg (group 6). For each exposure group, a corresponding sham exposure was conducted.
Hydrogen peroxide was used as a positive control in the viability and the comet assay and etoposide was used as a positve control in the detection of gamma-H2AX foci. All experiments were performed at least in triplicates.

影響評価項目

ばく露

ばく露 パラメータ
ばく露1: 50 Hz
ばく露時間: intermittent 5 min field on and 10 min field off for 24 h
ばく露2: 1,800 MHz
ばく露時間: intermittent 5 min field on and 10 min field off for 24 h
  • SAR: 1 W/kg (group 4)
  • SAR: 2 W/kg (group 5)
  • SAR: 4 W/kg (group 6)

ばく露1

主たる特性
周波数 50 Hz
タイプ
  • magnetic field
波形
  • sinusoidal
ばく露時間 intermittent 5 min field on and 10 min field off for 24 h
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源/構造
チャンバの詳細 cells were exposed in petri dishes
ばく露装置の詳細 two mu-metal box chambers (each randomly assigend to exposure or sham exposure) in an incubator; each chamber contained 2 coils with 56 windings, 2 coils with 50 windings, two fans, a petri dish holder and a temperature sensor; 37-37.5°C, 5% CO2 and 95% humidity were maintained; nonuniformity of the magnetic field was <1% at all possible petri dish locations
Sham exposure A sham exposure was conducted.
Additional information temperature difference between the exposure and the sham exposure chambers did not exceed 0.1°C
パラメータ
測定量 種別 Method Mass 備考
磁束密度 1 mT - - - group 1
磁束密度 2 mT - - - group 2
磁束密度 3 mT - - - group 3

ばく露2

主たる特性
周波数 1,800 MHz
タイプ
  • electromagnetic field
ばく露時間 intermittent 5 min field on and 10 min field off for 24 h
Additional information GSM talk mode simulation
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源/構造
チャンバの詳細 cells were exposed in petri dishes
ばく露装置の詳細 two rectangular waveguide chambers (each randomly assigend to exposure or sham exposure); 6 petri dishes were exposed simultaneously in each chamber in the magnetic field maximum with a perpendicularly polarized electric field; 37°C, 5% CO2 and 95% humidity were maintained; maximum temperature rise of 0.03°C/(W/kg)
Sham exposure A sham exposure was conducted.
Additional information temperature difference between the exposure and sham exposure chambers did not exceed 0.1°C
パラメータ
測定量 種別 Method Mass 備考
SAR 1 W/kg - 測定値 - group 4
SAR 2 W/kg - 測定値 - group 5
SAR 4 W/kg - 測定値 - group 6

Reference articles

  • Liu C et al. (2013): [マウス精母細胞由来細胞株に1800MHz無線周波電磁放射ばく露が引き起こすDNA塩基の酸化的損傷]
  • Focke F et al. (2010): [超低周波電磁界にばく露下のヒト線維芽細胞におけるDNA断片化]
  • Antonini RA et al. (2006): [超低周波電磁界はSH-SY5Y神経芽腫細胞株におけるアルファ3、アルファ5及びアルファ7ニコチン性受容体のサブユニット遺伝子の発現に影響しない]

ばく露を受けた生物:

方法 影響評価項目/測定パラメータ/方法

研究対象とした生物試料:
調査の時期:
  • ばく露後

研究の主なアウトカム(著者による)

No significant differences were found in cell viability between the exposure groups and their sham exposures, respectively.
In the alkaline comet assay, group 3 (50 Hz, 3 mT) showed a significant increase of DNA damage compared to the sham exposure. Likewise, a significant increase of gamma-H2AX foci was found in group 3 compared to the sham exposure. In the FPG-modified comet assay, significant oxidative nucleic base damage was found in group 6 (1800 MHz, 4 W/kg) in approaches with FPG compared to approaches without FPG. However, this result was not significantly different from the sham exposure.
The authors conclude that exposure of mouse spermatocyte-derived cells to a 50 Hz magnetic field with 3 mT or to a 1800 MHz electromagnetic field could have a genotoxic effect, though the underlying mechanisms of action seem to be different.

研究の種別:

研究助成

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