Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Othman H et al. | 2017 | - | - | 2.45 GHz | - | - | 2.45 GHz, W-LAN/WiFi |
Topsakal S et al. | 2017 | 動物, rat/Sprague Dawley | - | - | - | - | 2.45 GHz, W-LAN/WiFi |
Çiftçi ZZ et al. | 2018 | - | - | - | - | - | 2.45 GHz, W-LAN/WiFi, 共ばく露, 非EMF |
Rugh R | 1976 | - | - | - | - | - | 2.45 GHz, マイクロ波 |
Pellegrini A et al. | 1994 | - | - | - | - | - | 2.45 GHz, マイクロ波 |
Holovska K et al. | 2021 | - | - | - | - | - | 2.45 GHz, マイクロ波, PW パルス波 |
Otten L et al. | 1994 | - | - | - | - | - | 2.45 GHz, マイクロ波, 非EMF |
Finnie JW et al. | 2006 | 動物, mouse/BALB/c, 全身 | blood-brain barrier permeability | 900 MHz | 4 W/kg | repeated daily exposure for 60 min/day from day 1 to day 19 of gestation | GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Meral O et al. | 2016 | 動物 | - | 1,800 MHz | - | - | GSM, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界 |
Vadeyar SH et al. | 2000 | ヒト, 全身: embryo <i>in utero</i> | - | - | - | - | MRI |
Machata AM et al. | 2009 | ヒト | - | - | 0.3–3.9 W/kg | - | MRI |
Poutamo J et al. | 1998 | ヒト, 全身: embryo <i>in utero</i> | - | - | 1.2–3.8 W/kg | - | MRI |
Lo C et al. | 2014 | - | - | - | - | - | MRI |
Bryan YF et al. | 2006 | - | - | - | - | - | MRI |
Magin RL et al. | 2000 | 動物, mouse/ICR:HD, 全身 | - | 170 MHz | 0.2 W/kg | - | MRI, 共ばく露, 非EMF |
Adey WR et al. | 1999 | 動物, rat/Fischer 344, 全身, 身体の一部: head | CNS tumors | 836.55 MHz | 1–1.4 W/kg | continuous for about 25 days, see add. information | NADC, TDMA, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波 |
Lary JM et al. | 1986 | - | - | 27.12 MHz | 10.8 W/kg | 10 to 40 min. on gestation day 9 | RF電磁界 |
Cheever KL et al. | 2001 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 | metabolism in maternal animals and embryos (2-Methoxyethanol metabolism, embryonic distribution, and macromolecular adduct formation) | 10 MHz | 0.8 W/kg–6.6 mW/g | continuous for 50 min | RF電磁界 |
Thalau HP et al. | 2003 | 動物, chicken embryos/White Leghorn, 全身 | temperature changes | 1.25 GHz | - | 1 to 2 h per day for 21 days | RF電磁界 |
Smialowicz RJ et al. | 1982 | - | - | 425 MHz | 6.7 mW/g | repeated daily exposure for 4 hours a day from day 12 of pregnancy to parturition (dams) and for 20 or 40 days (pups) | RF電磁界 |
Vozeh F et al. | 2007 | 動物, mouse/Lurcher mutant and wild type (derived of the two strains C3H and B6CBA), 全身 | spatial learning ability, motor functions, CNS excitability, development of body weight | 870 MHz | 0.05–1.44 mW/g | repeated daily exposure, 2.5 h/day, for 21 days | RF電磁界 |
Odaci E et al. | 2015 | 動物, rat/Sprague Dawley, 全身 | - | 900 MHz | - | - | RF電磁界 |
Erkut A et al. | 2016 | - | - | 1,800 MHz | - | - | RF電磁界 |
Üstündağ ÜV et al. | 2020 | - | - | 15–3,000 MHz | - | - | RF電磁界 |
Sarapultseva EI et al. | 2023 | - | - | 900 MHz | - | - | RF電磁界 |
De Paepe S et al. | 2023 | - | - | 5.4 GHz | - | - | RF電磁界 |
Zhang Y et al. | 2013 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, primary cortical neurons (of rat) | - | 2.45 GHz | 6 W/kg | - | RF電磁界, 2.45 GHz |
Mathur R | 2008 | 動物, rat/Wistar albino, 全身 | threshold of pain, nociceptive behavior | 73.5 MHz | 0.4 W/kg | 2 h/day for 45 days | RF電磁界, AM 振幅変調 |
Pelletier A et al. | 2013 | 動物, rat/Wistar, 全身 | food intake, sleep and thermoregulatory processes | 900 MHz | 0.1–0.3 mW/kg | continuous for 23.5 h/day, 7 days/week for 5 weeks | RF電磁界, CW 連続波 |
Cantürk Tan F et al. | 2022 | - | - | - | - | - | RF電磁界, CW 連続波, 2.45 GHz |
Zook BC et al. | 2005 | - | - | - | - | - | RF電磁界, CW 連続波, PW パルス波, 非EMF, 共ばく露 |
Bosquillon de Jenlis A et al. | 2020 | - | - | 900 MHz | - | - | RF電磁界, CW 連続波, 共ばく露, 非EMF |
Cawley P et al. | 2016 | - | - | - | - | - | RF電磁界, MRI |
Sangun O et al. | 2015 | 動物, rat/Wistar albino (<i>in utero</i> and young animals), 全身 | growth and development of young rats | 2.45 GHz | 0.143 W/kg | continuous for 1 hour/day during gestation until birth and after weaning until puberty | RF電磁界, PW パルス波, W-LAN/WiFi, 2.45 GHz |
Laudisi F et al. | 2012 | 動物, mouse/C57BL/6, 全身: <i>in utero</i> | pregnancy outcome, number/proliferation of T-cells in thymus and spleen (peripheral T-cells), cytokine production | 2,451–2,473 MHz | 4 W/kg | continuous for 2 h/day on 14 consecutive days (starting 5 days after mating, ending 1 day before expected delivery) | RF電磁界, W-LAN/WiFi |
Ait-Aissa S et al. | 2013 | - | - | 2.45 GHz | - | - | RF電磁界, W-LAN/WiFi, 2.45 GHz |
Bianco B et al. | 1979 | - | - | 100–2,000 MHz | - | - | RF電磁界, マイクロ波 |
Furtado-Filho OV et al. | 2014 | 動物, rat (<i>Rattus norvegicus</i>) (embryo and young animal), 全身 | oxidative stress in the liver | 950 MHz | 0.01–0.88 W/kg | 30 minutes/day for 21 days during pregnancy | UHF電磁界 |
Nassisi V et al. | 2023 | 動物 | - | 0 Hz–900 MHz | - | - | UHF電磁界, RF電磁界, 静磁界, 低周波電磁界, 中間周波 |
Tillmann T et al. | 2010 | 動物, mouse/B6C3F1, 全身 | neoplasms and pre-neoplastic lesions and tumour incidences in spleen, kidneys, liver, lung, lymph nodes, and brain | 1,966 MHz | 0.62–5.76 W/kg | continuous for 20 hr/day, 7 days/week for up to 24 months | UMTS, 移動体通信システム |
Ait-Aissa S et al. | 2012 | 動物, rat/Wistar, 全身 | screening of immune markers (antibodies) directed against 15 different antigens related to damage and/or pathological markers | 2.45 GHz | 0–9 W/kg | continuous 2h/day, 5 days/week from day 6 to 21 of gestation (pregnant dam) and from day 1 to 35 (pups) postnatal | W-LAN/WiFi |
Sambucci M et al. | 2010 | 動物, mouse/C57BL/6, 身体の一部: posterior part | pregnancy outcome, spleen cell number, B cell frequency, and antibody levels | 2.45–2.473 GHz | 4 W/kg | continuous for 2 h/day on 14 consecutive days, starting 5 days after mating, ending one day before expected delivery | W-LAN/WiFi, 2.45 GHz |
Sambucci M et al. | 2011 | 動物, mouse/C57BL/6, 全身 | immune parameters in the spleen, thymus and in the blood | 2.451–2.473 GHz | 0.08–4 W/kg | continuous for 2 h/day, 5 days/week for 5 weeks, starting with the day after birth | W-LAN/WiFi, 2.45 GHz |
Ciftci ZZ et al. | 2015 | 動物, rat/Wistar albino (<i>in utero</i> and young animals), 身体の一部: head | development and composition of teeth in young rats | 2.45 GHz | 9 mW/kg | continuous for 2 h/day during gestation (21 days) and up to 21 after birth | W-LAN/WiFi, 2.45 GHz |
Ferreira AR et al. | 2006 | 動物, rat/Wistar, 全身 | chromosome damage | 834 MHz | 1.23 W/kg | repeated daily exposure, 8.5 h/day, throughout pregnancy | アナログ携帯電話, 移動体通信システム |
Fedorov VI et al. | 2015 | - | - | 0.1–2.2 THz | - | - | テラへルツ |
Nam KC et al. | 2006 | ヒト, 身体の一部: head (left side) | different physiological parameters (blood pressure, heart rate, respiration, skin resistance) | 835 MHz | 1.6 W/kg | continuous for 30 min | デジタル携帯電話, CDMA, 移動体通信システム |
Kizilay A et al. | 2003 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 身体の一部: snout | hearing level; evoked otoacoustic emissions | 900 MHz | 0.95 W/kg | repeated daily exposure, 1 h/day for 30 days | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Finnie JW et al. | 2006 | 動物, mouse/BALB/c, 全身 | blood-brain barrier permeability | 900 MHz | 4 W/kg | repeated daily exposure, 60 min/day, for 7 days | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Saran A et al. | 2007 | 動物, mouse/<i>Patched1</i> (heterozygous knockout mouse) and wild type, 全身 | carcinogenesis and tumor promotion | 900 MHz | 0.4 W/kg | 0.5 h/twice a day for 5 days (from day 2 to day 6 after birth) with a 6 h intervall between exposures | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
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