研究のタイプ: 医学／生物学の研究 (experimental study)

[ラット胎児に対する携帯電話電磁界全身ばく露の悪影響なし] med./bio.

Lack of adverse effects of whole-body exposure to a mobile telecommunication electromagnetic field on the rat fetus

著者: Takahashi S, Imai N, Nabae K, Wake K, Kawai H, Wang J, Watanabe S, Kawabe M, Fujiwara O, Ogawa K, Tamano S, Shirai T
掲載誌: Radiat Res 2010; 173 (3): 362-372
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この研究は、携帯電話基地局からの電磁界（EMF）を模擬したEMFへの長期的全身ばく露を妊娠ラットに与え、子孫への影響を調べた。2.14 GHz信号の高ばく露群での平均SARは、母獣で0.066-0.093 W/kg；胎児とF1新生仔で0.068-0.146 W/kg。低ばく露群ではこれらの値の約43%とした。1日20時間、妊娠期と授乳期を通してばく露した。影響評価項目は、母獣の成長・妊娠状況・組織重量、F1（生後10週齢）の生存率、発達、成長、生理・機能的発達、ホルモン状況、記憶機能、生殖能力、F2の胎仔毒性と催奇形性。その結果、ばく露された母獣とF1、その後のF2において異常は何も観察されなかった、と報告している。

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研究目的（著者による）

To evaluate the potential adverse effects of long-term whole body exposure to electromagnetic field signals from a base station for cell phone communication during the gestation and lactation periods of rats.

詳細情報

Three identical independent experiments were performed with a total of 36 rats. For each experiment, 12 pregnant rats were divided into three groups of four rats each: Group 1 received sham exposure, and groups 2 and 3 were exposed to electromagnetic fields at low and high levels, respectively. Four days after delivery, eight F1 rats per dam (four males and four females) were also selected for continuous exposure until age of 21 days.
Exposure of the 10-week-old pregnant rats was started at gestational day 7 and continued for 20 h per day until weaning of F1 rats.

影響評価項目

ばく露

ばく露 パラメータ
ばく露1: 2.14 GHz
ばく露時間: continuous for 20 hr/day from day 7 of gestation until weaning of F1 rats
  • 電力: 0.818 W
  • SAR: 0.04 W/kg maximum (whole body) (for the dams)
  • SAR: 0.06 W/kg maximum (whole body) (for the fetus)
ばく露2: 2.14 GHz
ばく露時間: continuous for 20 hr/day from day 7 of gestation until weaning of F1 rats
  • 電力: 1.898 W
  • SAR: 0.09 W/kg maximum (whole body) (for the dams)
  • SAR: 0.16 W/kg maximum (whole body) (for the fetus)

ばく露1

主たる特性
周波数 2.14 GHz
タイプ
  • electromagnetic field
ばく露時間 continuous for 20 hr/day from day 7 of gestation until weaning of F1 rats
Additional information W-CDMA downlink signal simulated
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源／構造
  • two 180 mm long dipole antennas intersecting at a right angle
ばく露装置の詳細 90 cm x 90 cm x 60 cm exposure boxes, covered on the inside with 6 cm thick planar RF absorbers except for the ceiling, which was made of metal mesh; animals placed in individual 690.8 mm² acrylic cages inside the exposure boxes
Sham exposure A sham exposure was conducted.
パラメータ
測定量 値 種別 Method Mass 備考
電力 0.818 W - - - -
SAR 0.04 W/kg maximum - whole body for the dams
SAR 0.06 W/kg maximum - whole body for the fetus

ばく露2

主たる特性
周波数 2.14 GHz
タイプ
  • electromagnetic field
ばく露時間 continuous for 20 hr/day from day 7 of gestation until weaning of F1 rats
Additional information W-CDMA downlink signal simulated
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源／構造
  • E1と同じ装置
Sham exposure A sham exposure was conducted.
パラメータ
測定量 値 種別 Method Mass 備考
電力 1.898 W - - - -
SAR 0.09 W/kg maximum - whole body for the dams
SAR 0.16 W/kg maximum - whole body for the fetus

Reference articles

  • Shirai T et al. (2007): [IMT-2000携帯電話システムの1.95- GHz W-CDMAシグナルへの慢性ばく露はF344ラットのN-エチルニトロソ尿素誘発中枢神経系腫瘍のプロモーション効果を示さない]

ばく露を受けた生物:

方法 影響評価項目／測定パラメータ／方法

研究対象とした生物試料:
研究対象とした臓器系:
調査の時期:
  • ばく露中
  • ばく露後

研究の主なアウトカム（著者による）

Overall, the data did not reveal any adverse effects of exposure to a 2.14 GHz W-CDMA signal for 20 h/day. The value of the present negative results, however, could be limited by the lack of a positive control.
The findings did demonstrate some statistically significant differences between the sham exposure group and the exposure groups. For example, the body weights of exposed males were increased. However, such changes were transient and were not considered to be due to the exposure. Among seven physiological development indicators, delay of pinna unfolding was found in the high exposure group at day 2 but not at day 3. Furthermore, while the number of corpora lutea in the pregnant F1 females was found to be decreased in the low exposure group, a decrease was not present in the high exposure group.
Thus none of the experimental findings demonstrated any consistent adverse biological effects of whole body exposure to the electromagnetic field on gestation and lactation in either dams or F1 rats or in the F2 offspring under these experimental conditions.

研究の種別:

研究助成

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