Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Laszlo A et al. | 2005 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, HeLa S3 (human cervical carcinoma cell line); hamster ovary HA-1 fibroblasts; C3H 10T1/2 (mouse fibroblast cells) | stress response (DNA-binding activity of heat-shock factor) | 835.62 MHz | 0.6–5 W/kg | continuous for 5, 15, 30 and 60 min or 24 h | CDMA, FDMA, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波 |
Lee JS et al. | 2005 | 動物, mouse/<i>hsp</i>70.1-deficient (<i>hsp</i>70.1 -/-) and wild type (<i>hsp</i>70.1 +/+), 全身 | stress response (expression of heat shock proteins) | 849 MHz | 0.4 W/kg | twice daily for 45 min with a 15 min interval, 5 days a week for 4, 8 and 10 weeks | CDMA, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界 |
Vanderwaal RP et al. | 2006 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, HeLa S3 (human cervical carcinoma cell line), EA.hy926 (human endothelium cell line) | heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) phosphorylation | 847 MHz | 3.7–5 W/kg | continuous for 1, 2 or 24 h | GSM, TDMA, 移動体通信システム |
Capri M et al. | 2004 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells | effects on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential; heat shock protein 70) | 1,800 MHz | 1.4–2 W/kg | intermittent, 10 min on/20 min off, for 44 h | GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Lim HB et al. | 2005 | blood samples | activation of stress response genes | 900 MHz | 0.4–3.6 W/kg | continuous for 4 hours | GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Simko M et al. | 2006 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, Mono Mac 6 cells (human monocytes) | stress protein expression and free radical release | 1,800 MHz | 2 W/kg | continuous for 60 min | GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Lantow M et al. | 2006 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, Mono Mac 6 (human monocytes) and K562 cells (human erythroleukemic cell line) | stress response (production of free radicals and expression of heat shock proteins) | 1,800 MHz | 0.5–2 W/kg | continuous for 45 min | GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Lantow M et al. | 2006 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養 | stress response (reactive oxygen species production; HSP70 expression) | 1,800 MHz | 2 W/kg | continuous or intermittent (5 min on/off) for 30 or 45 min | GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Sanchez S et al. | 2006 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, human reconstructed epidermis using human keratinocytes, normal human epidermal keratinocytes and normal human dermal fibroblasts | cell stress response | 900 MHz | 2–16 W/kg | continuous for 48 h | GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Sanchez S et al. | 2008 | 動物, rat/hairless, 身体の一部: right part of the back | Heat shock protein expression | 900 MHz | 2.4–5.8 W/kg | continuous for 2 h | GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Watilliaux A et al. | 2011 | 動物, rat/Wistar, 身体の一部: head (mainly) | stress reaction and glial activation in the immature brain | 1,800 MHz | 0.13–2.5 W/kg | continuous for 2 h on postnatal day 5, 15 or 35 | GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Terro F et al. | 2012 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, primary cerebral cortical cells (neurons and astrocytes) of rat embryos | chaperone-mediated auto-phagocytosis, apoptosis | 900 MHz | 0.25 W/kg | continuous for 24 h | GSM, 移動体通信システム, PW パルス波 |
Poque E et al. | 2021 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養 | - | 1,800 MHz | - | - | GSM, 移動体通信システム, W-LAN/WiFi, CW 連続波, PW パルス波 |
Leszczynski D et al. | 2002 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, EA.hy926 cells | activation of signal transduction pathways and induction of cellular stress response (expression status of heat shock protein 27 and p38MAPK) | 900 MHz | 2 W/kg | continuous for 1 h | GSM, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波 |
Kwee S et al. | 2001 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, transformed human epithelial amnion cells (AMA) | production of heat-shock proteins | 960 MHz | 2.1 mW/kg | continuous for 20 min | GSM, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波 |
Ohtani S et al. | 2016 | - | - | 2.14 GHz | - | - | W-CDMA, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界 |
Ushiyama A et al. | 2014 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley | - | 2.14 GHz | - | - | W-CDMA, 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話 |
Lee JS et al. | 2006 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, Jurkat cells (T lymphocyte hybridoma cell line) and rat primary astrocytes | cellular stress response | 1,762.5 MHz | 2–20 W/kg | continuous for 30 min or 1 h | デジタル携帯電話, CDMA, 移動体通信システム |
Lixia S et al. | 2006 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, SRA01/04-hLEC (human eye lens epithelial cells) | comet assay, stress response/gene expression, cell proliferation | 1.8 GHz | 1–3 W/kg | continuous for 2 h | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, TDMA, 移動体通信システム |
Franzellitti S et al. | 2008 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, HTR-8/SVneo (human trophoblast cell line) | protein expression and gene expression of HSP | 1.8 GHz | 2–22.77 W/kg | intermittent, 5 min on/10 min off, for 4, 16, and 24 h | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, TDMA, 移動体通信システム |
Gurisik E et al. | 2006 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, human neuroblastoma cell line (SK-N-SH) and monocytes cell line (U937) | gene expression, cell viability | 900 MHz | 0.2 W/kg | continuous for 1 or 2 h | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Sanchez S et al. | 2007 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, normal human epidermal keratinocytes and normal human dermal fibroblasts | stress response (expression of heat shock proteins and apoptosis) | 1,800 MHz | 2 W/kg | continuous for 48 h | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Dawe AS et al. | 2008 | 無脊椎動物, <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>/PC72 (transgenic, with reporter gene construct encoding beta-galactosidase under control of <i>hsp16</i> heat shock promotor), 全身 | expression of heat shock protein | 1.8 GHz | 1.8 W/kg | continuous for 2.5 h | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Valbonesi P et al. | 2008 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, HTR-8/SVneo (human trophoblast cell line) | comet assay, gene and protein expression | 1,817 MHz | 2 W/kg | continuous for 1 h | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Yu Y et al. | 2008 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, human lens epithelial cells (HLEC) | protein expression of heat shock proteins, activation (phosphorylation) of mitogen-activated protein kinases | 1.8 GHz | 1 W/kg | up to 2 h | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
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