研究のタイプ: 医学／生物学の研究 (experimental study)

[1800 MHz高周波電磁界にばく露したプライマリ・ヒト・モノサイトおよびリンパ球のROSリリースとHsp70の発現] med./bio.

ROS release and Hsp70 expression after exposure to 1,800 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic fields in primary human monocytes and lymphocytes

著者: Lantow M, Lupke M, Frahm J, Mattsson MO, Kuster N, Simko M
掲載誌: Radiat Environ Biophys 2006; 45 (1): 55-62
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この研究は、1800 MHzの高周波電磁界（RF- EMF）のばく露が、ヒトの血液細胞での活性酸素種（ROS）放出および/または熱ショックタンパク70（Hsp70）の発現変化を誘導するか否かを調べた。ROS放出への影響を調べる実験には、ヒト臍帯血由来の単球およびリンパ球を用い、1800 MHz の連続波または異なるGSM信号（GSM-DTXおよびGSM-Talk）を用いた。2 W / kgで、30または45分間の連続ばく露または断続ばく露（5 min ON/5 min OFF）をインキュベータ内で実施した。擬似ばく露およびホルボールエステルホルボール-12-ミリスチン酸-13-アセテート（PMA; 11μM）へのばく露（陽性対照）を実施した。Hsp70発現への影響を調べる実験には、ヒト単球を用い、2 W / kgのGSM-DTX信号に45分間ばく露を用い、陽性対照には熱処理（42°C）を用いた。ROS産生およびHsp70発現はフローサイトメトリ分析により測定した。擬似ばく露群および/または対照群との比較にはスチューデントのt検定を用いた。その結果、擬似ばく露群または対照群に比べ、PMA処理群では、ヒト単球およびリンパ球のROS産生が有意に増加した；ヒト単球で、連続的または断続的なGSM-DTX信号ばく露（2 W / kg）の後、擬似ばく露群に比べ、有意に異なるROS産生が検出された；しかし、この有意な差は、擬似ばく露群でのROS産生が低いために現れた；ヒトのリンパ球では、擬似ばく露群または対照群との差は検出されなかった；GSM-DTX信号ばく露終了から0、1、および2時間後のHsp70発現レベルに擬似ばく露群または対照群との差は検出されなかった、と報告している。

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研究目的（著者による）

To study if 1800 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic fields can induce reactive oxygen species release and/or changes in heat shock protein 70 expression (to determine a possible inhibitor effect on free radical release) in human blood cells.

詳細情報

Human umbilical cord blood-derived monocytes and lymphocytes were used to examine reactive oxygen species release (cell stimulation with the phorbol ester tetradecanoylphorbol acetate (TPA) was used as positive control). To study HSP70 expression human monocytes were exposed (heat treatment at 42°C was used as positive control).

影響評価項目

ばく露

ばく露 パラメータ
ばく露1: 1,800 MHz
Modulation type: CW
ばく露時間: continuous or intermittent (5 min on/off) for 30 or 45 min
ばく露2: 1,800 MHz
Modulation type: pulsed
ばく露時間: continuous or intermittent (5 min on/off) for 30 or 45 min
ばく露3: 1,800 MHz
Modulation type: pulsed
ばく露時間: continuous or intermittent (5 min on/off) for 30 or 45 min

General information

The cells were exposed to CW or different GSM signals (GSM-DTX, GSM-Talk), as described previously [Lantow et al., 2006].

ばく露1

主たる特性
周波数 1,800 MHz
タイプ
  • electromagnetic field
特性
  • guided field
ばく露時間 continuous or intermittent (5 min on/off) for 30 or 45 min
Modulation
Modulation type CW
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源／構造
チャンバの詳細 Two single-mode resonator cavities were placed within an incubator at 37°C (except heat-treatment) in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2 in air. Exposure and sham conditions were blindly and randomly assigned to the two waveguides by the computer-controlled signal unit [Schuderer et al., 2004].
ばく露装置の詳細 Six 35 mm Petri dishes were placed in each waveguide on a dish holder, and in the H-field maxima of the standing waves inside the cavity. The temperature difference between sham and RF exposed cultures was not greater than 0.3°C.
Sham exposure A sham exposure was conducted.
Additional information The cells were exposed in parallel and in the same incubator to the following conditions: (1) non-treated (incubator control), (2) sham exposed, (3) RF-EMF exposed, (4) sham exposed + 1 µM PMA, (5) co-exposed to RF-EMF + PMA, (6) heat exposed at 42°C for 1 h.
パラメータ
測定量 値 種別 Method Mass 備考
SAR 2 W/kg - 測定値および計算値 - -
測定および計算の詳細

SAR characteristics were determined using numerical FDTD methods and were experimentally verified using a near field scanner (DASY3) equipped with dosimetric field and temperature probes [Lantow et al., 2006]. Field strengths, air temperatures, fan driving currents, and commands were continuously logged.

ばく露2

主たる特性
周波数 1,800 MHz
タイプ
  • electromagnetic field
特性
  • guided field
ばく露時間 continuous or intermittent (5 min on/off) for 30 or 45 min
Additional information GSM-DTX
Modulation
Modulation type pulsed
Repetition frequency 217 Hz
Additional information

GSM-DTX (hearing only): 12 active frames per 104 frames, crest factor of 69, frame structure resulting in 2, 8, and 217 Hz components.
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源／構造
  • E1と同じ装置
Sham exposure A sham exposure was conducted.
パラメータ
測定量 値 種別 Method Mass 備考
SAR 2 W/kg - 測定値および計算値 - -

ばく露3

主たる特性
周波数 1,800 MHz
タイプ
  • electromagnetic field
特性
  • guided field
ばく露時間 continuous or intermittent (5 min on/off) for 30 or 45 min
Additional information GSM-Talk
Modulation
Modulation type pulsed
Repetition frequency 217 Hz
Additional information

GSM-Talk (34% speaking and 66% hearing): temporal changes between 11 s non-DTX and 6 s DTX (average durations); crest factor of 11.9.
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源／構造
  • E1と同じ装置
Sham exposure A sham exposure was conducted.
パラメータ
測定量 値 種別 Method Mass 備考
SAR 2 W/kg - 測定値および計算値 - -

Reference articles

  • Lantow M et al. (2006): [1800 MHzラジオ周波数照射後の2通りのヒト免疫細胞系のフリーラジカル放射とHSP70発現]
  • Schuderer J et al. (2004): [1800 MHzのインビトロ実験に用いる強力なばく露および環境制御機能を備えた高尖頭SARばく露装置]

ばく露を受けた生物:

方法 影響評価項目／測定パラメータ／方法

研究対象とした生物試料:
調査の時期:
  • ばく露後

研究の主なアウトカム（著者による）

The TPA treatment induced a significant increase in reactive oxygen species production in monocytes and lymphocytes compared to sham-exposed or to incubator controls. After continuous or intermittent GSM-DTX signal exposure (2 W/kg), a significantly different reactive oxygen species production was detected in monocytes compared to sham-exposed cells. However, this significant difference appeared due to the lowered value of reactive oxygen species during sham exposure. In lymphocytes, no differences could be revealed if data were compared either to sham-exposed or to incubator control.
The HSP70 expression level after 0, 1, and 2 h post-exposure to GSM-DTX signal at 2 W/kg for 1 h did not show any differences compared to the incubator or to sham-exposed control.

研究の種別:

研究助成

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