Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Narayanan SN et al. | 2014 | 動物, rat/Wistar albino, 全身 | oxidative stress in the brain | 890–915 MHz | 1.58 W/kg | intermittent for 1 h/day for 28 days | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Marjanovic AM et al. | 2015 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, V79 (Chinese hamster fibroblast cells) | cell viability, oxidative stress | 1,800 MHz | 1.6 W/kg | continuous for 10, 30 and 60 minutes | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Khirazova EE et al. | 2012 | 動物, white rat, 全身 | behavior in open field test, antioxidant defense system | 905 MHz | 1.67 W/kg | continuous for 2 h | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, PW パルス波 |
Dawe AS et al. | 2008 | 無脊椎動物, <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>/PC72 (transgenic, with reporter gene construct encoding beta-galactosidase under control of <i>hsp16</i> heat shock promotor), 全身 | expression of heat shock protein | 1.8 GHz | 1.8 W/kg | continuous for 2.5 h | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Guler G et al. | 2012 | 動物, rabbit/New Zealand, 全身 | effects on the liver of young rabbits (DNA damage and lipid peroxidation) | 1,800 MHz | 1.8 W/kg | continuous for 15 min/day on 7 days (female) or 14 days (male) | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, PW パルス波 |
Leszczynski D et al. | 2002 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, EA.hy926 cells | activation of signal transduction pathways and induction of cellular stress response (expression status of heat shock protein 27 and p38MAPK) | 900 MHz | 2 W/kg | continuous for 1 h | GSM, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波 |
Simko M et al. | 2006 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, Mono Mac 6 cells (human monocytes) | stress protein expression and free radical release | 1,800 MHz | 2 W/kg | continuous for 60 min | GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Koyu A et al. | 2005 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 | oxidative stress-induced liver impairment | 1,800 MHz | 2 W/kg | repeated daily exposure, 1 h/day, for 30 days | デジタル携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波 |
Lantow M et al. | 2006 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養 | stress response (reactive oxygen species production; HSP70 expression) | 1,800 MHz | 2 W/kg | continuous or intermittent (5 min on/off) for 30 or 45 min | GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Sanchez S et al. | 2007 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, normal human epidermal keratinocytes and normal human dermal fibroblasts | stress response (expression of heat shock proteins and apoptosis) | 1,800 MHz | 2 W/kg | continuous for 48 h | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Xu S et al. | 2010 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養 | oxidative DNA damage | 1,800 MHz | 2 W/kg | 5 min on - 10 min off - for 24 hr | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界, PW パルス波 |
Kang KA et al. | 2014 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, NIH3T3 cells (mouse fibroblasts), U87 (human glioma cells), PC12 (rat pheochromocytoma cells), SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cells) | cell viability, oxidative stress | 837–1,950 MHz | 2 W/kg | continuous for 2 hours | 携帯電話, CDMA, W-CDMA, 移動体通信システム, 共ばく露 |
Hou Q et al. | 2015 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, NIH3T3 cells (mouse fibroblast cell line) | oxidative stress, DNA damage and apoptosis in mouse embryonic fibroblasts | 1,800 MHz | 2 W/kg | intermittent exposure (5 min on/10 min off) for 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 4, 6 or 8 hours | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Lee JS et al. | 2016 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, HT22 (mouse hippocampus neuronal cells) | cytotoxicity | 837–1,950 MHz | 2 W/kg | continuous for 2 hours | 携帯電話, CDMA, W-CDMA, 移動体通信システム, 非EMF, 共ばく露 |
Hong MN et al. | 2012 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, MCF10 A cells (human breast epithelial cells) | oxidative stress | 837 MHz | 2–4 W/kg | continuous for 2 h | 携帯電話, CDMA, W-CDMA, 移動体通信システム |
Ni S et al. | 2013 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, human eye lens epithelial cells (HLE B3) | cell viability, oxidative stress | 1,800 MHz | 2–4 W/kg | intermittent (5 minutes field "on"/10 minutes field "off") for up to 24 hours | GSM, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界, マイクロ波 |
Nakatani-Enomoto S et al. | 2016 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, human spermatozoa | sperm motility and oxidative stress | 1,950 MHz | 2–6 W/kg | continuous for 1 hour | 携帯電話, W-CDMA, 移動体通信システム |
Poulletier de Gannes F et al. | 2011 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line), U87 (human astrocytoma cells), CHME5 (human microglial cells), and primary cortical neuron cultures | oxidative stress (production of reactive oxygen species) | 1,800 MHz | 2–10 W/kg | continuous for 1 h or 24 h | GSM, 移動体通信システム, AM 振幅変調, PW パルス波 |
Sanchez S et al. | 2006 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, human reconstructed epidermis using human keratinocytes, normal human epidermal keratinocytes and normal human dermal fibroblasts | cell stress response | 900 MHz | 2–16 W/kg | continuous for 48 h | GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Lee JS et al. | 2006 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, Jurkat cells (T lymphocyte hybridoma cell line) and rat primary astrocytes | cellular stress response | 1,762.5 MHz | 2–20 W/kg | continuous for 30 min or 1 h | デジタル携帯電話, CDMA, 移動体通信システム |
Sanchez S et al. | 2008 | 動物, rat/hairless, 身体の一部: right part of the back | Heat shock protein expression | 900 MHz | 2.4–5.8 W/kg | continuous for 2 h | GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Finnie JW et al. | 2006 | 動物, mouse/BALB/c, 全身 | neural stress of fetal brain | 900 MHz | 4 W/kg | repeated daily exposure, 60 min/day from day 1 to day 19 of gestation | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波 |
Finnie JW et al. | 2007 | 動物, mouse/C57BL/6NTac, 全身 | <i>c-fos</i> expression in the brain (to assess stress response) | 900 MHz | 4 W/kg | repeated daily exposure, 60 min/day, 5 days/week, for 104 weeks | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Finnie JW et al. | 2009 | 動物, mouse/BALB/c, 全身 | stress response (induction of heat shock proteins) in fetal brain | 900 MHz | 4 W/kg | 60 min/day from day 1 to day 19 of gestation | 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話, GSM, PW パルス波 |
Hoyto A et al. | 2008 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, human neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y) and mouse fibroblasts (L929) | cell proliferation, cell death | 872 MHz | 5 W/kg | continuous for 1 or 24 h | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
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