研究状況の概観

Experimental studies on mobile communications

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Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Tsybulin O et al. 2013 動物, Japanese quail (<i>Coturnix coturnix japonica</i>), 全身: <i>in ovo</i> number of somites in the embryos 890–915 Hz 3 µW/kg intermittent for 38 h: 48 sec "on" (speech mode), 12 sec "off" 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム
Burlaka A et al. 2013 動物, Japanese quail, 全身: embryo <i>in ovo</i> oxidative stress in quail embryos 900 MHz 3 µW/kg intermittent for 158 h: 48 sec "on" (speech mode), 12 sec "off" 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界
Tsybulin O et al. 2016 embryo homogenates, bovine erythrocyte solution, 動物, Japanese quail embryos, 全身 oxidative stress in Japanese quail embryos and involved enzymes <i>in vitro</i> 900 MHz 0.17 mW/kg intermittent (48 s (c?) on/12 s off) for 158 hours 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, 共ばく露
Woelders H et al. 2017 動物, chicken/Leghorn (eggs), 全身 embryonic development 1.8 GHz 0.38–0.45 mW/kg - 移動体通信システム, GSM, UMTS, TDMA, FDMA, RF電磁界, DECT, W-LAN/WiFi
Pyrpasopoulou A et al. 2004 動物, rat/Wistar, 全身 expression and localization of bone morphogenetic proteins and their receptors 9.4 GHz 500 nW/g continuous during days 1-3 postcoitum GSM, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波
Geronikolou S et al. 2014 無脊椎動物, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/Oregon R (adults and pupae), 全身 quantity of oviposition 864.1–868.1 MHz 0.7–5 mW/kg continuous for 20 min/day for 5 days 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, コードレス電話
Magras IN et al. 1997 動物, mouse/BALB/c/f, 全身 teratogenicity 88.5–950 MHz 1.936 µW/g 5 pregnancies 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界, ラジオ/TV送信機, TV 放送 (VHF/UHF), FM 放送(UKW), AMラジオ送信機, SW 放送 (KW)
Takahashi S et al. 2010 動物, rat/Crl:CD(SD), 全身 effects on rat dams and their offspring (teratogenicity and embryo toxicity) 2.14 GHz 0.04–0.16 W/kg continuous for 20 hr/day from day 7 of gestation until weaning of F1 rats 携帯電話, 携帯電話基地局, CDMA, 移動体通信システム
Poulletier de Gannes F et al. 2012 動物, rat/Wistar, 全身 teratogenic effects (prenatal and postnatal development) 2,450 MHz 0.08–4 W/kg 2 h/day, 6 days/week for 18 days デジタル携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, W-LAN/WiFi
Ogawa K et al. 2009 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley CD IGS, 身体の一部: head embryogenesis 1.95 GHz 0.11–7 W/kg 90 min/day from day 7 to day 17 of gestation 携帯電話, CDMA, 移動体通信システム
Klug S et al. 1997 rat embryo culture teratogenicity 150 MHz 0.2–5 W/kg continuous for 36 h デジタル携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界
Fragopoulou AF et al. 2010 動物, mouse/BALB/c, 全身 teratogenicity, foetal development 900 MHz 0.6–0.94 W/kg continuous for 6 min/day or 30 min/day during 5 days before and during the whole pregnancy 携帯電話, デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, PW パルス波
Safian F et al. 2016 無傷細胞/細胞培養, mouse/Balb/c (embryo) embryonal development and cell viability 900–1,800 MHz 0.683–0.725 W/kg 30 minutes/day for 4 days 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム
Umur AS et al. 2013 動物, chicken embryos/White Leghorn (eggs), 全身 development of the neural tube - 0.77 W/kg standby mode for 30, 48 or 72 hours 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム
Tsybulin O et al. 2012 動物, Japanese quail (<i>Coturnix coturnix japonica</i>), 全身: embryo <i>in ovo</i> number of somites in the embryos the 38 h exposed group; survival rate and hatchability of chicks, oxidative stress in brain, liver and heart in the 14 days exposed group 890–915 MHz 0.79 W/kg continuous for 38 h デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, 低レベルマイクロ波
Jing J et al. 2012 動物, rat/Wistar, 全身: antenna close to the ear level of neurotransmitters and oxidative stress in the brain - 0.9 W/kg 3 times per day (3 x 10, 30 or 60 min) for 20 days during gestation 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波
Boga A et al. 2014 動物, African clawed frog (<i>Xenopus laevis</i>) (embryos), 全身 embryonic development of the African clawed frog 900 MHz 1 W/kg continuous for 4, 6 or 8 h GSM, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界, 共ばく露
Margaritis LH et al. 2014 無脊椎動物, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/Oregon-R (wildtype) and <i>Drosophila virilis</i> reproduction of <i>Drosophila spec.</i> (apoptosis in follicles; quantification of F1 pupae) 27.15 MHz 1.2 W/kg 6 or 12 minutes daily for 1 (3rd day of experiment only), or 3 days (<i>D. virilis</i>) (follicles); 6 minutes daily for 7 days (<i>D. virilis</i>) (F1 pupae) 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, CW 連続波, ブルートゥース, DECT, W-LAN/WiFi, FM 放送(UKW), 電子レンジ/加熱装置
Luo Q et al. 2013 ヒト protein expression in chorionic villous tissue 900 MHz 1.46–8.8 W/kg continuous for 20 min. (according to "materials and methods" section) or 1 h (according to abstract)? 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム
Ulubay M et al. 2015 動物, rat/Wistar albino (embryo), 全身: <i>in utero</i> - 900 MHz 2 W/kg - 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, 共ばく露
Suzuki S et al. 2017 無傷細胞/細胞培養 fertilization and embryogenesis; chromosome damage 1,950 MHz 2 W/kg - 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話, W-CDMA
Lee HJ et al. 2009 動物, mouse/ICR, 全身 teratogenicity (mortality, growth retardation, head size, morphological malformations) 848.5 MHz 2–7.13 W/kg continuous 2 times 45 min/day, separated by 15 min, throughout gestation (17 days) 携帯電話, CDMA, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界
Shirai T et al. 2014 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 fertility, development, brain functions and morphology of major organs of rats 2.14 GHz 0.034–0.244 W/g continuous for 20 h/day over 3 generations 携帯電話, W-CDMA, 移動体通信システム