A detailed description of the radial transmission line (RTL) irradiator and its environmental controls has been given in several publications (see reference articles).
Aufbau
The culture flasks were distributed angularly around the antenna with their centers located at a radius of 29.2 cm.
The flasks for simultaneous sham exposure were handled in the same way as the flasks exposed to RF radiation but RTLs were not connected to an RF field source.
Pickard WF et al.
(2000):
Experimental and numerical determination of SAR distributions within culture flasks in a dielectric loaded radial transmission line.
Moros EG et al.
(1999):
The radial transmission line as a broad-band shielded exposure system for microwave irradiation of large numbers of culture flasks.
Roux D et al.
(2011):
Human keratinocytes in culture exhibit no response when exposed to short duration, low amplitude, high frequency (900 MHz) electromagnetic fields in a reverberation chamber.
Sekijima M et al.
(2010):
2-GHz band CW and W-CDMA modulated radiofrequency fields have no significant effect on cell proliferation and gene expression profile in human cells.
Gerner C et al.
(2010):
Increased protein synthesis by cells exposed to a 1,800-MHz radio-frequency mobile phone electromagnetic field, detected by proteome profiling.
Dawe AS et al.
(2009):
Low-intensity microwave irradiation does not substantially alter gene expression in late larval and adult Caenorhabditis elegans.
Paparini A et al.
(2008):
No evidence of major transcriptional changes in the brain of mice exposed to 1800 MHz GSM signal.
Yan JG et al.
(2008):
Upregulation of specific mRNA levels in rat brain after cell phone exposure.
Chauhan V et al.
(2007):
Analysis of gene expression in two human-derived cell lines exposed in vitro to a 1.9 GHz pulse-modulated radiofrequency field.
Zhao R et al.
(2007):
Studying gene expression profile of rat neuron exposed to 1800 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic fields with cDNA microassay.
Chauhan V et al.
(2006):
Analysis of proto-oncogene and heat-shock protein gene expression in human derived cell-lines exposed in vitro to an intermittent 1.9 GHz pulse-modulated radiofrequency field.
Chauhan V et al.
(2006):
Gene Expression Analysis of a Human Lymphoblastoma Cell Line Exposed In Vitro to an Intermittent 1.9 GHz Pulse-Modulated Radiofrequency Field.
Belyaev IY et al.
(2006):
Exposure of rat brain to 915 MHz GSM microwaves induces changes in gene expression but not double stranded DNA breaks or effects on chromatin conformation.
Qutob SS et al.
(2006):
Microarray gene expression profiling of a human glioblastoma cell line exposed in vitro to a 1.9 GHz pulse-modulated radiofrequency field.
Laszlo A et al.
(2005):
The heat-shock factor is not activated in mammalian cells exposed to cellular phone frequency microwaves.
Whitehead TD et al.
(2005):
Expression of the proto-oncogene Fos after exposure to radiofrequency radiation relevant to wireless communications.
Pacini S et al.
(2002):
Exposure to global system for mobile communication (GSM) cellular phone radiofrequency alters gene expression, proliferation, and morphology of human skin fibroblasts.
Goswami PC et al.
(1999):
Proto-oncogene mRNA levels and activities of multiple transcription factors in C3H 10T 1/2 murine embryonic fibroblasts exposed to 835.62 and 847.74 MHz cellular phone communication frequency radiation.
Ivaschuk OI et al.
(1997):
Exposure of nerve growth factor-treated PC12 rat pheochromocytoma cells to a modulated radiofrequency field at 836.55 MHz: effects on c-jun and c-fos expression.
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