Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Elhag MA et al. | 2007 | 動物, rat, 全身 | antioxidant capacity of the blood | 900 MHz | 0.25 W/kg | 15 min/day for 4 days | 移動体通信システム, デジタル携帯電話, GSM |
Ozgur E et al. | 2013 | 動物, rabbit/New Zealand, 全身: prenatal and/or postnatal | blood parameters, lipid peroxidation | 1,800 MHz | - | 15 min/day for 7 days in pregnant animals (between 15th and 22nd day of gestation), for 7 days in female infants and for 14 days in male infants | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Deshmukh PS et al. | 2013 | 動物, rat/Fischer 344, 全身 | spatial memory and learning, oxidative stress in blood | 900 MHz | 84.738 µW/kg | 2 h/day, 5 days a week for 30 days | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波 |
Ghoneim FM et al. | 2016 | 動物, rat/albino, 全身 | histology and oxidative stress of the parotid glands | 900 MHz | 0.9 W/kg | 4 hours/day for 30 days | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, 共ばく露 |
Devrim E et al. | 2008 | 動物, rat/Wistar albino, 全身 | oxidative stress in blood, heart, kidney, liver and ovaries | 900 MHz | 1.2 W/kg | 4 times a day for 10 minutes in speak mode for 4 weeks (otherwise in standby mode) | 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話 |
Imge EB et al. | 2010 | 動物, rat/Wistar albino, 全身 | oxidative stress and purine metabolism in the brain | 900 MHz | 0.95 W/kg | 4 weeks - mobile phone in stand-by mode, called four times a day for 10 min. | 移動体通信システム, デジタル携帯電話 |
Brescia F et al. | 2009 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, Jurkat cells (human lymphoblastoid T cells) | oxidative stress (production of reactive oxygen species), cell viability | 1,950 MHz | 0.5–2 W/kg | 5 min - 60 min or 24 h | デジタル携帯電話, UMTS, 移動体通信システム, 共ばく露 |
Xu S et al. | 2010 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養 | oxidative DNA damage | 1,800 MHz | 2 W/kg | 5 min on - 10 min off - for 24 hr | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界, PW パルス波 |
Ozorak A et al. | 2013 | 動物, rat/Wistar albino (<i>in utero</i> and young animals), 全身 | oxidative stress (kidney and testis) and level of trace elements (kidney) | 900 MHz | 0.18–1.2 W/kg | 60 min/day (5 days/week) during gestation and up to 6 weeks following delivery | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, W-LAN/WiFi, 2.45 GHz |
Finnie JW et al. | 2009 | 動物, mouse/BALB/c, 全身 | stress response (induction of heat shock proteins) in fetal brain | 900 MHz | 4 W/kg | 60 min/day from day 1 to day 19 of gestation | 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話, GSM, PW パルス波 |
Sharma VP et al. | 2009 | 植物, mung bean | effects on plants: root growth and oxidative stress | 900 MHz | - | continuous for 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 hr, 4 hr | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Singh HP et al. | 2012 | 植物, mung bean (<i>Vigna radiata</i>)/Wilczek, hypocotyls | effects on plants: root growth (rhizogenesis) and oxidative stress | 900 MHz | - | continuous for 0.5, 1, 2 h | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Fasseas MK et al. | 2015 | 無脊椎動物, nematode (<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>)/N2 (wild type), DR1572, DR26, TK22, CL4176, NL5901, RB864, CL2070 (<i>hsp-16.2</i>), CF1553 (<i>sod-3</i>), SJ4005 (<i>hsp-4</i>), LG333 (<i>skn-1</i>), LD1171 (<i>gcs-1</i>) and CL2166 (<i>gst-4</i>) | effects on fertility, neurodegeneration, short-term memory, chemotaxis, stress, apoptosis, life span and growth of <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> | 1,780–1,800 MHz | - | continuous for 0.5, 1, 3, 6 or 24 h | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, PW パルス波, DECT, W-LAN/WiFi |
Leszczynski D et al. | 2002 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, EA.hy926 cells | activation of signal transduction pathways and induction of cellular stress response (expression status of heat shock protein 27 and p38MAPK) | 900 MHz | 2 W/kg | continuous for 1 h | GSM, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波 |
Markova E et al. | 2005 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養 | chromatin conformation, analysis of tumor suppressor p53-binding protein 1 (53BP1) and of phosphorylated histone H2AX (gamma-H2AX) | 905–915 MHz | 37 mW/kg | continuous for 1 h | GSM, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波 |
Luukkonen J et al. | 2009 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) | DNA damage, production of reactive oxygen species | 872 MHz | 5 W/kg | continuous for 1 h | GSM, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界, CW 連続波, 共ばく露 |
Luukkonen J et al. | 2010 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) | DNA damage, reactive oxygen species production | 872 MHz | 5 W/kg | continuous for 1 h for the ROS production experiment; continuous for 3 hr for the comet assay experiment | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界, CW 連続波, PW パルス波 |
Poulletier de Gannes F et al. | 2011 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line), U87 (human astrocytoma cells), CHME5 (human microglial cells), and primary cortical neuron cultures | oxidative stress (production of reactive oxygen species) | 1,800 MHz | 2–10 W/kg | continuous for 1 h or 24 h | GSM, 移動体通信システム, AM 振幅変調, PW パルス波 |
Lu YS et al. | 2012 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養 | oxidative stress: reactive oxygen species formation, apoptosis and DNA damage | 900 MHz | 0.43 W/kg | continuous for 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h or 8 h | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Avci B et al. | 2012 | 動物, rat/Wistar albino, 全身 | oxidative stress in blood and brain | 1,750–1,850 MHz | 0.4 W/kg | continuous for 1 h/day during 3 weeks | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, 共ばく露 |
Koyu A et al. | 2009 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 | oxidative stress induced liver damage (hepato-toxicity) | 900 MHz | - | continuous for 1 h/day for 30 days | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界 |
Bilgici B et al. | 2013 | 動物, rat/Wistar, 全身 | oxidative stress in brain and serum | 850–950 MHz | 1.08 W/kg | continuous for 1 h/day for 3 weeks | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, 共ばく露 |
Cig B et al. | 2015 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, MCF-7 (human breast cancer cell line) | apoptosis, cytosolic Ca<sup>2+</sup> concentration, generation of reactive oxygen species | 900 MHz | 0.18–0.58 mW/kg | continuous for 1 hour | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, W-LAN/WiFi, 2.45 GHz |
Nakatani-Enomoto S et al. | 2016 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, human spermatozoa | sperm motility and oxidative stress | 1,950 MHz | 2–6 W/kg | continuous for 1 hour | 携帯電話, W-CDMA, 移動体通信システム |
Hanci H et al. | 2015 | 動物, ラット/SD, 全身 | 脾臓および胸腺での酸化ストレスおよび組織学 | 900 MHz | 0.025 W/kg | continuous for 1 hour/day between days 13 and 21 of pregnancy | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム |
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