研究のタイプ: 疫学研究 (observational study)

[超低周波電磁界とがんリスクのメタ分析:疫学研究のプール分析] epidem.

Meta-analysis of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields and cancer risk: a pooled analysis of epidemiologic studies

掲載誌: Environ Int 2016; 88: 36-43

この研究は、電子的文献データベースから超低周波電磁界(ELF-EMF)と「がんのなり易さ」(抄録に著者の定義は記されていない)の関連を調査した症例対照研究42件を取り上げ、合計で症例13259人、対照100882人について再分析した。結果として、全体では、ELF-EMFばく露群における「がんのなり易さ」の上昇が示された;層化分析では、北米ではリスク上昇が見られ、欧州ではこれと反対の結果であった;居住環境ばく露群とリスク上昇との関連が特に強かった、などを報告している。

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研究の目的(著者による)

A meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the association between extremely low frequency magnetic fields and cancer risk.

詳細情報

Overall, 42 case-control studies were included in the meta-analysis. They are listed in 'Related articles'.

影響評価項目/リスク推定のタイプ

リスク推定のタイプ:

ばく露

調査対象集団

調査規模

タイプ
合計 114,141
その他:

13,259 cases and 100,882 controls

統計学的分析方法:

結論(著者による)

Overall, increased cancer risk was identified in the population with exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields (OR 1.08, CI 1.01-1.15). Grouping according to the countries showed that 20, 18 and 3 out of the 42 included studies were conducted in North American, European and Asian populations, respectively. An increased risk was found in North America (OR 1.10, CI 1.02-1.20), especially in the United States (OR 1.10, CI 1.01-1.20). On the contrary, no statistically significant association between exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields and cancer risk was found in the analysis of European studies.
A higher risk was found to be statistically significantly associated with the residential exposed population (OR 1.18, CI 1.02-1.37) in comparison to occupational exposure, exposure to electric blankets and other household appliances. In the included studies, exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields was assessed either by a questionnaire based interview or by measurement or by calculation of the magnetic flux densities. An increased cancer risk was found in interview-based studies (OR 1.16, CI 1.00-1.35). In measurement-based studies, a slight increased risk was found only in premenopausal breast cancer (OR 1.23, CI 1.01- 1.49).
In conclusion the meta-analysis suggests that exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields is associated with cancer risk, mainly in the United States and in residential exposed populations. Methodological challenges might explain the differences among studies.

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