Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Jin YB et al. | 2011 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 | chronic illness (body and organ weights, urinalysis, haematological and blood biochemical analysis, histopathological changes) | 849 MHz–1.95 GHz | 2 W/kg | continuous for 45 min/day, 5 days/week for 12 months | CDMA, W-CDMA, 移動体通信システム |
Yoon SY et al. | 2011 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, human scalp hair follicle preparations (of three individuals), human dermal papilla cells (hDPC), NIH3T3 cells (mouse fibroblasts), C2C12 cells (undifferentiated myoblasts and differentiated myotubes), HeLa cell line (human adenocarcinoma cell line), OSE-80PC | hair growth <i>in vitro</i> and <i>ex vivo</i> | 1,763 MHz | 2–10 W/kg | continuous for 1 h or 3 h | CDMA, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界 |
Contalbrigo L et al. | 2009 | 動物, ラット/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 | 血液化学パラメータ(グルコース、トリグリセリド、総コレステロール) | 50 Hz | - | continuous for 19 hr/day - number of exposure days not given in this article | GSM, 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界, 磁界, 50/60 Hz (AC) |
Paredi P et al. | 2001 | ヒト, 身体の一部: head | skin temperature, NO, and nasal resistence | 900 MHz | - | 30 min | GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Hansen V et al. | 1996 | DNA/RNA, 細菌, ウイルス/バクテリオファージ, <i>Escherichia coli</i>/WP2, WP2uvrA, W575 | effects on biological material (enzyme activity, survival of bacteriophages, and DNA damage) | 900 MHz | 11.75–87 mW/kg | continuous for about 100 days or about 30 days | GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Aksen F et al. | 2004 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 | rectal temperature, T1 relaxation time; serum concentration of trace elements | 890–915 MHz | 290 µW/g | repeated daily exposure, 20 min/day, 7 days a week for 1 month | GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Weisbrot D et al. | 2003 | 無脊椎動物, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/Oregon-R, 全身 | different biological effects on <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> | 1,900 MHz | 1.4 W/kg | repeated daily exposure, 2 times 60 min with a 4-h interval, for 10 days | GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Karatas SM et al. | 2021 | 細菌 | - | 1,800 MHz | - | - | GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Beyer C et al. | 2014 | 単離された生物学的/化学的物質, GrpE protein | protein conformation | 0.1 GHz | - | intermittent for up to 2 hours (different on/off cycles) | GSM, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界 |
Bodera P et al. | 2012 | 動物, rat/Wistar, 全身 | pain perception | 1,500 MHz | - | continuous for 15 min | GSM, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界, PW パルス波, 共ばく露 |
Ouadah NS et al. | 2020 | 動物 | - | 900 MHz | - | - | GSM, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界, PW パルス波, 共ばく露 |
Huttunen P et al. | 2012 | ヒト, 全身 | - | 0 Hz–2,500 MHz | - | not specified in the article | GSM, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界, TV 放送 (VHF/UHF), FM 放送(UKW) |
Dasdag S et al. | 1999 | 動物, rat/Wistar, 全身 | testicular function, histological changes of different organs | 890–915 MHz | 0.141 W/kg | repeated daily exposure for 2 h/day for 1 month | GSM, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波 |
Dasdag S et al. | 2000 | 動物, rat/Wistar, 全身 | birth weight, blood parameters | 890–915 MHz | 0.155 W/kg | repeated daily exposure for 3 x 1 min during 2 h/day, see add. information | GSM, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波 |
Schmid G et al. | 2005 | ヒト, 身体の一部: head | visual perception | 1.97 GHz | 0.37–0.63 W/kg | see add. information | UMTS, 移動体通信システム |
Sommer AM et al. | 2009 | 動物, mouse/C57BL, 全身 | developmental parameters, reproductive ability in parental animals | 2 GHz | 0.08–1.3 W/kg | continuous for 570 days with a 30 min break each night | UMTS, 移動体通信システム |
Lerchl A et al. | 2008 | 動物, Djungarian hamster (<i>Phodopus sungorus</i>), 全身 | metabolic effects (body weight, melatonin levels) | 383 MHz | 80 mW/kg | continuous for 60 days | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, TETRA/TETRAPOL, 移動体通信システム |
Irlenbusch L et al. | 2007 | ヒト, 身体の一部: head | effects on the visual system | 902.4 MHz | 0.003–0.007 W/kg | continuous for 30 min | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Tafforeau M et al. | 2002 | 植物, flax (<i>Linum usitatissimum</i> L. var Ariane) | effects on plants/number of meristems | 0.9 GHz | - | continuous for 2 h | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Suanjak-Treidl E et al. | 2006 | homeopathically diluted (D30) thyroxine | effects on homeopathically prepared thyroxine | 900–1,800 MHz | 0.8 W/kg | intermittent, 5 x 20 s | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Lindholm H et al. | 2011 | ヒト, 身体の一部: head (right ear) | head temperature | 902.4 MHz | 0.66–4.3 W/kg | continuous for 15 min | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Nittby H et al. | 2012 | 無脊椎動物, large garden snail (<i>Helix pomatia</i>) | pain (nociception) | 1,900 MHz | 48 mW/kg | continuous for 1 h | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, therapeutic/medical device |
Thorlin T et al. | 2006 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養 | cell reactivity/cell damage | 906.6 MHz | 3.1–54 W/kg | continuous for 4, 8, and 24 h | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波 |
Terao Y et al. | 2007 | ヒト, 身体の一部: head (right ear) | effects on eye (cortical processing/saccade performance) | 800 MHz | 0.054 W/kg | continuous for 30 min | デジタル携帯電話, TDMA, 移動体通信システム |
Kwon MK et al. | 2012 | ヒト, 身体の一部: head | - | 1,950 MHz | 1.6 W/kg | continuous for 32 min | デジタル携帯電話, W-CDMA, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波 |
Yariktas M et al. | 2005 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 | nitric oxide level nasal and sinus mucosa | 900 MHz | - | repeated daily exposure, 30 min/day, 5 days/week for 2 weeks | デジタル携帯電話, 移動体通信システム |
Park J et al. | 2018 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養 | - | 837–1,950 MHz | - | - | 携帯電話, CDMA, W-CDMA, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界 |
Kang KA et al. | 2014 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, NIH3T3 cells (mouse fibroblasts), U87 (human glioma cells), PC12 (rat pheochromocytoma cells), SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cells) | cell viability, oxidative stress | 837–1,950 MHz | 2 W/kg | continuous for 2 hours | 携帯電話, CDMA, W-CDMA, 移動体通信システム, 共ばく露 |
Sharma VP et al. | 2009 | 植物, mung bean | effects on plants: root growth and oxidative stress | 900 MHz | - | continuous for 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 hr, 4 hr | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Sharma VP et al. | 2010 | 植物, mung bean (<i>Vigna radiata</i>)/Wilczek cv. ML-5 | effects on plants: germination and growth | 900 MHz | - | continuous for 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Sharma VP et al. | 2010 | 無脊椎動物, honeybee (<i>Apis mellifera</i> L.) | honeybee behaviour | 900 MHz | - | continuous for 15 min. twice per day, twice per week from February to April ( 1100 hr and 1500 hr in total) | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Bartsch H et al. | 2010 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 | health and survival (mortality) | 900 MHz | 38–80 mW/kg | continuous (except times for feeding, cleaning, health inspection, etc.): 24 months (exp. I), 17 (exp. II), 36 (exp. III), and 37 (exp. IV) months | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Cammaerts MC et al. | 2011 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, <i>Paramecium caudatum</i> | swimming behaviour of <i>Paramecium caudatum</i>, different morphological and physiological parameters | 900 MHz | - | continuous for at least 2 min, at least for four times | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Singh HP et al. | 2012 | 植物, mung bean (<i>Vigna radiata</i>)/Wilczek, hypocotyls | effects on plants: root growth (rhizogenesis) and oxidative stress | 900 MHz | - | continuous for 0.5, 1, 2 h | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Favre D | 2011 | 無脊椎動物, honeybee (<i>Apis mellifera carnica</i>) | honeybee behavior | 900 MHz | 0.271–0.98 W/kg | continuous for 45 min - 20 h | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Meo SA et al. | 2013 | 動物, rat/Wistar albino, 全身 | insulin level in serum, fasting blood glucose level | 1,800 MHz | - | less than 15 min/day for 3 month | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Seckin E et al. | 2014 | 動物, rat/Wistar albino (<i>in utero</i> and young animals), 全身 | - | 900 MHz | - | 1 h/day starting on the 12th day of pregnancy until 21 days after delivery | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Taberski K et al. | 2014 | 動物, Djungarian hamster (<i>Phodopus sungorus</i>), 全身 | - | 900 MHz | 0.08–4 W/kg | - | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Dasdag S et al. | 2014 | 動物, rat/Wistar albino, 身体の一部: head | enamel micro hardness | 890–915 MHz | 0.0369–2.023 W/kg | continuous for 2 hours/d for 10 months | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Adiguzel O et al. | 2008 | 動物, rat/Wistar albino, 身体の一部: head | trace elements content of rat teeth | 900 MHz | - | repeated daily exposure of 2 h for 10 months | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Aydogan F et al. | 2015 | 動物, rat/Wistar albino | - | 2,100 MHz | 0.4 W/kg | - | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Mortazavi SM et al. | 2015 | 単離された臓器, isolated gastrocnemius muscles, frog, 動物, frog, 全身 | - | - | - | - | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Esmekaya MA et al. | 2010 | 動物, rat/Wistar, 全身 | effects on thyroid gland | 900 MHz | 1.35 W/kg | continuous for 20 min./day on 21 days | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, PW パルス波 |
Fasseas MK et al. | 2015 | 無脊椎動物, nematode (<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>)/N2 (wild type), DR1572, DR26, TK22, CL4176, NL5901, RB864, CL2070 (<i>hsp-16.2</i>), CF1553 (<i>sod-3</i>), SJ4005 (<i>hsp-4</i>), LG333 (<i>skn-1</i>), LD1171 (<i>gcs-1</i>) and CL2166 (<i>gst-4</i>) | effects on fertility, neurodegeneration, short-term memory, chemotaxis, stress, apoptosis, life span and growth of <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> | 1,780–1,800 MHz | - | continuous for 0.5, 1, 3, 6 or 24 h | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, PW パルス波, DECT, W-LAN/WiFi |
Calabro E et al. | 2010 | 単離された生物学的/化学的物質, lysozyme, bovine serum albumin and myoglobin | - | 900 MHz | 0.85 W/kg | continuous for 8 h | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波 |
Sokolovic D et al. | 2012 | 動物, rat/Wistar, 全身 | locomotor activity, stress and anxiety related behavior, exploratory behavior, body mass | 900 MHz | 0.043–0.135 W/kg | continuous for 4 h/day on 60 days | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波, CW 連続波, 共ばく露 |
Mortazavi SMJ et al. | 2011 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley | - | 900–1,800 MHz | - | 2 times 3 h/day for 4 days | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波, PW パルス波, 非EMF, 共ばく露 |
Mortazavi S et al. | 2013 | 動物, mouse/BALB/c and rat/Wistar, 全身 | survival rate | 900 MHz | - | mice: 6 h/day for 5 days; rats: 6 h/day for 6 days (or 4 days?, contradictory information) | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, 共ばく露 |
Mortazavi SM et al. | 2014 | 動物, mouse/BALB/c, 身体の一部: head | survival rate of mice | - | 1.4 W/kg | continuous for 2 hours/day for 3 days | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, 共ばく露 |
Yamashita H et al. | 2010 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 身体の一部: head | serum 17β-estradiol level and estrogenic activity (uterus weight) | 1,439 MHz | 0.88–6.1 W/kg | continuous for 4 hr/day on 3 consecutive days | 携帯電話, TDMA, 移動体通信システム |
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