研究状況の概観

Experimental studies on mobile communications

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Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Yan JG et al. 2009 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 mRNA synthesis (gene expression) of several injury-associated proteins 800 MHz 0.9–1.8 W/kg 2 times 3 hr / day (with 30 min rest period between exposures), on 7 days/week for 18 weeks 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話, アナログ携帯電話, デジタル携帯電話, CDMA
Balmori A et al. 2007 動物, house sparrow (<i>Passer domesticus</i>), 全身 number of house sparrows 1 MHz–3 GHz - 3 years and 8 months 携帯電話基地局, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界, マイクロ波
Paredi P et al. 2001 ヒト, 身体の一部: head skin temperature, NO, and nasal resistence 900 MHz - 30 min GSM, 移動体通信システム
Aslan A et al. 2013 動物, rat/Wistar albino, 全身 fracture healing 900 MHz 8 mW/kg 30 min/day, 5 days/week for 8 weeks 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界
Ozorak A et al. 2013 動物, rat/Wistar albino (<i>in utero</i> and young animals), 全身 oxidative stress (kidney and testis) and level of trace elements (kidney) 900 MHz 0.18–1.2 W/kg 60 min/day (5 days/week) during gestation and up to 6 weeks following delivery 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, W-LAN/WiFi, 2.45 GHz
Koca O et al. 2013 動物, rat/Wistar albino, 全身 histopathologic changes in the kidney 1,800 MHz 1.52 W/kg 8 h/day speech mode, 16 h/day standby mode for 20 days 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, CW 連続波
Kowalczuk C et al. 2010 無傷細胞/細胞培養, 組織片, cell suspensions, IMR 32 (human neuroblastoma cells), G361 (human melanoma cells), HF-19 (human fibroblasts), N2a (murine neuroblastoma cells; differentiated and non-differentiated); CHO (Chinese hamster ovary) cells demodulation ability of living cells and tissues (second harmonic generation) 880–890 MHz 2.5–10.6 mW/g < 10 minutes (typically, a second harmonic test took around 2-3 min.) 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界, CW 連続波
Bartsch H et al. 2010 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 health and survival (mortality) 900 MHz 38–80 mW/kg continuous (except times for feeding, cleaning, health inspection, etc.): 24 months (exp. I), 17 (exp. II), 36 (exp. III), and 37 (exp. IV) months 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム
Sharma VP et al. 2010 植物, mung bean (<i>Vigna radiata</i>)/Wilczek cv. ML-5 effects on plants: germination and growth 900 MHz - continuous for 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム
Sharma VP et al. 2009 植物, mung bean effects on plants: root growth and oxidative stress 900 MHz - continuous for 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 hr, 4 hr 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム
Singh HP et al. 2012 植物, mung bean (<i>Vigna radiata</i>)/Wilczek, hypocotyls effects on plants: root growth (rhizogenesis) and oxidative stress 900 MHz - continuous for 0.5, 1, 2 h 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム
Fasseas MK et al. 2015 無脊椎動物, nematode (<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>)/N2 (wild type), DR1572, DR26, TK22, CL4176, NL5901, RB864, CL2070 (<i>hsp-16.2</i>), CF1553 (<i>sod-3</i>), SJ4005 (<i>hsp-4</i>), LG333 (<i>skn-1</i>), LD1171 (<i>gcs-1</i>) and CL2166 (<i>gst-4</i>) effects on fertility, neurodegeneration, short-term memory, chemotaxis, stress, apoptosis, life span and growth of <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> 1,780–1,800 MHz - continuous for 0.5, 1, 3, 6 or 24 h 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, PW パルス波, DECT, W-LAN/WiFi
Mady MM et al. 2012 artifical biological membranes in aqueous solutions (phospholipids; dipalmitoylphosphatidycholine (DPPC)) structural and functional properties of liposomes 950 MHz - continuous for 1 and 2 hours 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界, マイクロ波
Nittby H et al. 2012 無脊椎動物, large garden snail (<i>Helix pomatia</i>) pain (nociception) 1,900 MHz 48 mW/kg continuous for 1 h デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, therapeutic/medical device
Mousavy SJ et al. 2009 単離された生物学的/化学的物質, hemoglobin solution structure and function of hemoglobin 910–940 MHz - continuous for 1 h or 2 h 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界, CW 連続波
Yoon SY et al. 2011 無傷細胞/細胞培養, human scalp hair follicle preparations (of three individuals), human dermal papilla cells (hDPC), NIH3T3 cells (mouse fibroblasts), C2C12 cells (undifferentiated myoblasts and differentiated myotubes), HeLa cell line (human adenocarcinoma cell line), OSE-80PC hair growth <i>in vitro</i> and <i>ex vivo</i> 1,763 MHz 2–10 W/kg continuous for 1 h or 3 h CDMA, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界
Bilgici B et al. 2013 動物, rat/Wistar, 全身 oxidative stress in brain and serum 850–950 MHz 1.08 W/kg continuous for 1 h/day for 3 weeks 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, 共ばく露
Sarapultseva EI et al. 2011 無脊椎動物, <i>Spirostomum ambiguum</i> - 1 GHz - continuous for 1 min up to 11 h 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話
Hässig M et al. 2009 動物, calf, 全身 effects on eye (nuclear cataract; oxidative stress) - - continuous for 1 year 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話基地局, GSM, UMTS
Kumar NR et al. 2011 無脊椎動物, honeybee (<i>Apis mellifera</i> L.) metabolism of honey bees - - continuous for 10, 20 or 40 min 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム
Weber S et al. 2008 ホメオパシー的に希釈した(D30)サイロキシン ホメオパシー的に作成したサイロキシンの影響 50 Hz–2.45 GHz - continuous for 100 s 移動体通信システム, 電子レンジ/加熱装置, 2.45 GHz, 50/60 Hz (AC)
Meral I et al. 2007 動物, guinea pig, 全身 different blood vitamin levels, oxidative stress in the brain 890–915 MHz 0.95 W/kg continuous for 12 h/day (11 h 45 min stand-by mode, 15 min speaking mode) on 30 days 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話, RF電磁界
Lindholm H et al. 2011 ヒト, 身体の一部: head (right ear) head temperature 902.4 MHz 0.66–4.3 W/kg continuous for 15 min デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム
Bodera P et al. 2012 動物, rat/Wistar, 全身 pain perception 1,500 MHz - continuous for 15 min GSM, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界, PW パルス波, 共ばく露
Sarapultseva EI et al. 2009 無脊椎動物, <i>Spirostomum ambiguum</i> spontaneous motor activity of a protozoa 1 GHz - continuous for 15 min, 30 min, 45 min, 1h, 2 hr, 3 hr, 4 hr, 6 hr, 8 hr, 10 hr 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話, 低レベルマイクロ波, ラジオ/TV送信機
Sharma VP et al. 2010 無脊椎動物, honeybee (<i>Apis mellifera</i> L.) honeybee behaviour 900 MHz - continuous for 15 min. twice per day, twice per week from February to April ( 1100 hr and 1500 hr in total) 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム
Contalbrigo L et al. 2009 動物, ラット/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 血液化学パラメータ(グルコース、トリグリセリド、総コレステロール) 50 Hz - continuous for 19 hr/day - number of exposure days not given in this article GSM, 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界, 磁界, 50/60 Hz (AC)
Tafforeau M et al. 2002 植物, flax (<i>Linum usitatissimum</i> L. var Ariane) effects on plants/number of meristems 0.9 GHz - continuous for 2 h デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム
Dasdag S et al. 2011 動物, rat/Wistar albino and Sprague-Dawley, 全身 histopathological changes of the nasal mucosa and the nose skin 50 Hz - continuous for 2 h/day, 7 days/week for 10 months 移動体通信システム, デジタル携帯電話, GSM, マイクロ波, 磁界, 50/60 Hz (AC)
Kang KA et al. 2014 無傷細胞/細胞培養, NIH3T3 cells (mouse fibroblasts), U87 (human glioma cells), PC12 (rat pheochromocytoma cells), SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cells) cell viability, oxidative stress 837–1,950 MHz 2 W/kg continuous for 2 hours 携帯電話, CDMA, W-CDMA, 移動体通信システム, 共ばく露
Dasdag S et al. 2014 動物, rat/Wistar albino, 身体の一部: head enamel micro hardness 890–915 MHz 0.0369–2.023 W/kg continuous for 2 hours/d for 10 months 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム
Mortazavi SM et al. 2014 動物, mouse/BALB/c, 身体の一部: head survival rate of mice - 1.4 W/kg continuous for 2 hours/day for 3 days 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, 共ばく露
Mortazavi SMJ et al. 2012 動物, mouse/BALB/c, 身体の一部: head survival rate of mice - 1.4 W/kg continuous for 2 hours/day for 3 days 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話, GSM, 共ばく露
Esmekaya MA et al. 2010 動物, rat/Wistar, 全身 effects on thyroid gland 900 MHz 1.35 W/kg continuous for 20 min./day on 21 days 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, PW パルス波
Acar GO et al. 2009 動物, rabbit/New Zealand albino, 身体の一部: ear effects on facial nerves and surrounding soft tissue 1,900 MHz 3.72 W/kg continuous for 25 min 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話, マイクロ波
Terao Y et al. 2007 ヒト, 身体の一部: head (right ear) effects on eye (cortical processing/saccade performance) 800 MHz 0.054 W/kg continuous for 30 min デジタル携帯電話, TDMA, 移動体通信システム
Irlenbusch L et al. 2007 ヒト, 身体の一部: head effects on the visual system 902.4 MHz 0.003–0.007 W/kg continuous for 30 min デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム
Okano T et al. 2010 ヒト, 身体の一部: head (left ear) effects on eye (cortical processing/saccade performance) 1.95 GHz - continuous for 30 min 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, PW パルス波
Cicek E et al. 2009 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 bone fracture 900 MHz 2 W/kg continuous for 30 min/day, for 28 days 携帯電話, デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, CW 連続波
Kwon MK et al. 2012 ヒト, 身体の一部: head - 1,950 MHz 1.6 W/kg continuous for 32 min デジタル携帯電話, W-CDMA, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波
Jelodar G et al. 2013 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 oxidative stress in the eye 900 MHz - continuous for 4 h/day on 45 days 携帯電話基地局, 移動体通信システム
Sokolovic D et al. 2012 動物, rat/Wistar, 全身 locomotor activity, stress and anxiety related behavior, exploratory behavior, body mass 900 MHz 0.043–0.135 W/kg continuous for 4 h/day on 60 days 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波, CW 連続波, 共ばく露
Yamashita H et al. 2010 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 身体の一部: head serum 17&beta;-estradiol level and estrogenic activity (uterus weight) 1,439 MHz 0.88–6.1 W/kg continuous for 4 hr/day on 3 consecutive days 携帯電話, TDMA, 移動体通信システム
Thorlin T et al. 2006 無傷細胞/細胞培養 cell reactivity/cell damage 906.6 MHz 3.1–54 W/kg continuous for 4, 8, and 24 h デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波
Favre D 2011 無脊椎動物, honeybee (<i>Apis mellifera carnica</i>) honeybee behavior 900 MHz 0.271–0.98 W/kg continuous for 45 min - 20 h 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム
Jin YB et al. 2011 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 chronic illness (body and organ weights, urinalysis, haematological and blood biochemical analysis, histopathological changes) 849 MHz–1.95 GHz 2 W/kg continuous for 45 min/day, 5 days/week for 12 months CDMA, W-CDMA, 移動体通信システム
Sommer AM et al. 2009 動物, mouse/C57BL, 全身 developmental parameters, reproductive ability in parental animals 2 GHz 0.08–1.3 W/kg continuous for 570 days with a 30 min break each night UMTS, 移動体通信システム
Hirose H et al. 2008 無傷細胞/細胞培養, BALB/3T3 cells (clone A31-1-1) malignant/neoplastic cell transformation 2.1425 GHz 80–800 mW/kg continuous for 6 weeks 携帯電話基地局, CDMA, 移動体通信システム
Lee KS et al. 2008 無脊椎動物, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/<i>Oregon-R</i>, wild type, <i>Actin5C-Gal4</i>, <i>UAS-SOD1IR</i>, and <i>UAS-SOD2IR</i>, 全身 survival rate of <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> 835 MHz 1.6–4 W/kg continuous for 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 h 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話
Lerchl A et al. 2008 動物, Djungarian hamster (<i>Phodopus sungorus</i>), 全身 metabolic effects (body weight, melatonin levels) 383 MHz 80 mW/kg continuous for 60 days デジタル携帯電話, GSM, TETRA/TETRAPOL, 移動体通信システム