Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Zufry H et al. | 2023 | 動物 | - | 1,800 MHz | - | - | 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話, GSM, 4G, LTE |
Islam MS et al. | 2023 | 動物 | - | 2,100 MHz | - | - | 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話, 4G |
El-Kafoury BMA et al. | 2023 | 動物 | - | - | - | - | 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話, GSM, 非EMF, 共ばく露 |
Khayat S et al. | 2023 | 動物 | - | 900 MHz | - | - | 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話, RF電磁界 |
Mohamed H et al. | 2024 | 動物 | - | 900 MHz | - | - | 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話, RF電磁界, 非EMF, 共ばく露 |
Zhou GQ et al. | 2024 | 動物, C57BL/6 mouse | - | 3.5 GHz | - | - | 移動体通信システム, 5G, PW パルス波 |
Deshmukh PS et al. | 2016 | 動物, rat/Fischer 344, 全身 | Hsp70 protein expression and DNA damage, learning and spatial memory | 900 MHz | 0.5835–0.6672 mW/kg | - | 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話, マイクロ波, 低レベルマイクロ波, W-LAN/WiFi, RF電磁界, CW 連続波 |
Bouji M et al. | 2016 | 動物, rat/Wistar, 身体の一部: head | biochemical markers for age-related neurobiological deficits, memory and behavior | 900 MHz | 6 W/kg | - | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界 |
Falcioni L et al. | 2018 | 動物, 全身 | brain and heart tumors | 1,835 MHz | 0.001–0.1 W/kg | - | 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話基地局, GSM |
Barcal J et al. | 2007 | 動物, mouse/Lurcher mutant and wild type, 全身 | brain cortical and hippocampal activity | 880–890 MHz | - | continuous for 40 min | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム |
Kumlin T et al. | 2007 | 動物, rat/Wistar, 全身 | brain development | 900 MHz | 0.3–3 W/kg | repeated daily exposure, 2 h/day, 5 days/week, for 5 weeks | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Aslan A et al. | 2017 | 動物, 全身 | cerebellar morphology | 900 MHz | 0.01 W/kg | - | 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話 |
Hussein S et al. | 2016 | 動物, rat | changes and damage in the rat brain | 1,800 MHz | 0.6 W/kg | continuous for 120 min/day for three months | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム |
Carballo-Quintas M et al. | 2011 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 | clinical signs of seizure or jerks; c-fos and GFAP expression in the brain | 900 MHz | 0.78–4.47 W/kg | continuous for 2 h | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波, PW パルス波, 共ばく露 |
Son Y et al. | 2015 | 動物, mouse/C57BL/6, 全身 | cognitive functions and hippocampal histology | 1,950 MHz | 5 W/kg | continuous for 2 hours/day for 60 days | 携帯電話, W-CDMA, 移動体通信システム |
Fritze K et al. | 1997 | 動物, rat/Wistar, 身体の一部: head | degenerative processes in the brain | 890–900 MHz | 0.17–17.5 W/kg | continuous for 4 h | GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Umur AS et al. | 2013 | 動物, chicken embryos/White Leghorn (eggs), 全身 | development of the neural tube | - | 0.77 W/kg | standby mode for 30, 48 or 72 hours | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム |
Ushiyama A et al. | 2007 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley | effects on blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier permeability | 1.5 GHz | 0.5–10.4 W/kg | continuous for 30 min | PDC, TDMA, 移動体通信システム |
Crouzier D et al. | 2007 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 | effects on cholinergic system | 1.8 GHz | 0.048–0.53 W/kg | continuous for 24 h | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波 |
Inomata-Terada S et al. | 2007 | ヒト, 身体の一部: head (left side) | effects on motor cortex | 800 MHz | 0.054 W/kg | continuous for 30 min | デジタル携帯電話, TDMA, 移動体通信システム, TMS (経頭蓋刺激) |
Kim TH et al. | 2008 | 動物, mouse/C57BL, 身体の一部: head | effects on the brain (cell proliferation, cell death / apoptosis, distribution of neurons and glia cells) | 849 MHz | 1.55–7.8 W/kg | repeated daily exposure, 1 h/day, 5 days/week, for 6 or 12 months | デジタル携帯電話, PCS, CDMA, 移動体通信システム |
Woelders H et al. | 2017 | 動物, chicken/Leghorn (eggs), 全身 | embryonic development | 1.8 GHz | 0.38–0.45 mW/kg | - | 移動体通信システム, GSM, UMTS, TDMA, FDMA, RF電磁界, DECT, W-LAN/WiFi |
Anane R et al. | 2003 | 動物, rat/Lewis, 身体の一部: head | experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) crisis | 900 MHz | 1.5–6 W/kg | repeated daily exposure, 2 h/day for 21 days | GSM, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波 |
Dasdag S et al. | 2004 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 | fatty acid composition in phospholipids, malondialdehyde concentration, p53 immune reactivity and histological structure of the brain | 890–915 MHz | 0.52–3.13 W/kg | repeated daily exposure, 20 min/day for 1 month | GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Shirai T et al. | 2014 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 | fertility, development, brain functions and morphology of major organs of rats | 2.14 GHz | 0.034–0.244 W/g | continuous for 20 h/day over 3 generations | 携帯電話, W-CDMA, 移動体通信システム |
Brillaud E et al. | 2007 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 身体の一部: head | glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) level in the brain | 900 MHz | 6 W/kg | continuous for 15 min | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Mugunthan N et al. | 2016 | 動物, mouse/albino, 全身 | hippocampus histology | 900–1,800 MHz | 1.69 W/kg | intermittent for 2 minutes every 30 minutes over 12 hours per day (total of 48 minutes per day) for 30 days | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム |
Ikinci A et al. | 2013 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身: <i>in utero</i> | hippocampus morphology and learning behavior in rat pups | 900 MHz | - | continuous for 1 h/day from day 13 to 21 of pregnancy | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム |
Narayanan SN et al. | 2010 | 動物, rat/Wistar albino, 全身 | hippocampus morphology, passive avoidance behaviour | 0.9–1.8 GHz | - | 50 times 45 s/h once per day for 4 weeks | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Maskey D et al. | 2013 | 動物, mouse/ICR, 全身 | immunoreactivity of calcium binding proteins in the brain | 835 MHz | 1.6 W/kg | 5 h/day for 30 consecutive days | 携帯電話, CDMA, 移動体通信システム |
Daniels WM et al. | 2009 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 | learning and memory, emotional states, corticosterone levels, and brain histology | 840 MHz | - | continuous for 3 hr/day from day 2 to day 14 after birth | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム |
Dasdag S et al. | 2015 | 動物, rat/ Wistar albino, 身体の一部: head | microRNA expression in the brain | 900 MHz | 0.0369–2.023 W/kg | continuous for 3 h/day on 7 days/week for 12 months | GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Finnie JW et al. | 2010 | 動物, mouse, 全身 | microglia activation | 900 MHz | 4 W/kg | continuous for 60 min | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, PW パルス波 |
Narayanan SN et al. | 2015 | 動物, rat/Wistar, 全身 | neural structure of the hippocampus, learning and spatial memory | 900 MHz | 1.15 W/kg | continuous for 1 h/day for 28 days | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界 |
Kim HS et al. | 2015 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 | neurogenesis in the adult rat brain | 845.5 MHz | 2 W/kg | continuous for 1 h daily, 5 days per week, for 2 weeks | CDMA, 移動体通信システム |
Erdem Koc G et al. | 2016 | 動物, rat/Wistar (<i>in utero</i>), 身体の一部: head of mothers | neuron number in hippocampus of offspring | 900 MHz | 2 W/kg | 1 hour/day from the 1st to the 21st day of gestation | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界, 共ばく露 |
Grafstrom G et al. | 2008 | 動物, rat/Fischer 344, 全身 | neuronal damage, blood-brain barrier permeability and effects on ageing process and memory | 900 MHz | 0.6–60 mW/kg | 2 hr/week for 55 weeks | 携帯電話, デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Megha K et al. | 2015 | 動物, rat/Fischer 344, 全身 | neurotransmitter levels and its regulation in the brain of rats | 900 MHz | 0.5835–0.5953 mW/kg | 2 hours per day, 5 days per week | 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話, RF電磁界 |
Ragbetli MC et al. | 2010 | 動物, mouse/Swiss albino, 全身 | number of Purkinje cells and granule cells in the developing cerebellum | 890–915 MHz | 0.95 W/kg | continuous for 12 hr/day - 11 hr + 45 min. in stand-by mode, 15 min. in talking mode - for 19 - 20 days druing gestation | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, PW パルス波 |
Sonmez OF et al. | 2010 | 動物, rat/Wistar albino, 身体の一部: head | number of Purkinje cells in the cerebellum | 900 MHz | 0.016–2 W/kg | continuous for 1h/day for 28 days | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム |
Bas O et al. | 2009 | 動物, rat/Wistar albino, 身体の一部: head | number of pyramidal cells in the Cornu Ammonis | 900 MHz | 0.016–2 W/kg | 1 h/day for 28 days | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム |
Ragbetli MC et al. | 2009 | 動物, mouse/Swiss albino, 全身 | number of pyramidal cells in the Cornu Ammonis | 890–915 MHz | 1.2 W/kg | 12 hr/day for 19 - 20 days (gestation period) + 20 days after birth (female offspring only) | 携帯電話, デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Sokolovic D et al. | 2008 | 動物, rat/Wistar albino, 全身 | oxidative stress in the brain | 900 MHz | 0.135 W/kg | repeated daily exposure, 4 h/day, for 20, 40, and 60 days | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波 |
Narayanan SN et al. | 2014 | 動物, rat/Wistar albino, 全身 | oxidative stress in the brain | 890–915 MHz | 1.58 W/kg | intermittent for 1 h/day for 28 days | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Esmekaya MA et al. | 2016 | 動物, mouse/Swiss albino, 全身 | oxidative stress in the brain | 900 MHz | 0.301–0.367 W/kg | continuous for 15 minutes and 30 minutes | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
de Gannes FP et al. | 2009 | 動物, rat/Fischer 344, 身体の一部: head | permeability of blood-brain barrier and neuron degeneration | 900 MHz | 0.14–2 W/kg | continuous for 2 hr | 携帯電話, デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Maskey D et al. | 2014 | 動物, mouse/ICR, 全身 | protein expression of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glial-derived neurotrophic factor in the central auditory system of mice | 835 MHz | 1.6 W/kg | continuous for 8 h/day for 3 months | 携帯電話, CDMA, 移動体通信システム |
Augner C et al. | 2009 | ヒト, 全身 | psychological symptoms and health concerns | 900 MHz | - | intermittent, 5 x 50 min, with 5-min breaks | 携帯電話基地局, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Kouchaki E et al. | 2016 | 動物, mouse/BALB/c, 全身 | risk for epileptic seizures | 900–950 MHz | - | continuous for 30 minutes | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, 共ばく露 |
de Seze R et al. | 1998 | ヒト, 身体の一部: ear | serum hormone concentrations, anterior pituitary function | 890–900 MHz | - | repeated daily exposure for 2 h/day, 5 days/week, for 4 weeks | 移動体通信システム, GSM |
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