Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tsybulin O et al. | 2016 | embryo homogenates, bovine erythrocyte solution, 動物, Japanese quail embryos, 全身 | oxidative stress in Japanese quail embryos and involved enzymes <i>in vitro</i> | 900 MHz | 0.17 mW/kg | intermittent (48 s (c?) on/12 s off) for 158 hours | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, 共ばく露 |
Avci B et al. | 2012 | 動物, rat/Wistar albino, 全身 | oxidative stress in blood and brain | 1,750–1,850 MHz | 0.4 W/kg | continuous for 1 h/day during 3 weeks | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, 共ばく露 |
Devrim E et al. | 2008 | 動物, rat/Wistar albino, 全身 | oxidative stress in blood, heart, kidney, liver and ovaries | 900 MHz | 1.2 W/kg | 4 times a day for 10 minutes in speak mode for 4 weeks (otherwise in standby mode) | 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話 |
Bilgici B et al. | 2013 | 動物, rat/Wistar, 全身 | oxidative stress in brain and serum | 850–950 MHz | 1.08 W/kg | continuous for 1 h/day for 3 weeks | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, 共ばく露 |
Demirel S et al. | 2012 | 動物, rat/Wistar albino, 全身 | oxidative stress in eye tissue and serum | 1.9–2.2 GHz | 0.5 W/kg | continuous for 40 min/day from the 2nd to the 21st day | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム |
Bahreyni Toossi MH et al. | 2018 | 動物, 全身 | oxidative stress in heart, liver, kidney, cerebellum and hippocampus | 900–1,800 MHz | - | - | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界 |
El Nabarawy NA et al. | 2011 | 動物, rat/Wistar albino, 全身 | oxidative stress in liver and kidney of rats | 900 MHz | 1.075 W/kg | 1 hour/day for 60 days | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, 共ばく露 |
Aydin B et al. | 2011 | 動物, rat/Wistar, 全身 | oxidative stress in organs of the immune system (spleen, thymus, bone marrow), polymorphonuclear leukocytes and plasma | 900 MHz | 0.28–0.78 W/kg | continuous for 2h/day on 45 days | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Burlaka A et al. | 2013 | 動物, Japanese quail, 全身: embryo <i>in ovo</i> | oxidative stress in quail embryos | 900 MHz | 3 µW/kg | intermittent for 158 h: 48 sec "on" (speech mode), 12 sec "off" | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界 |
Kerman M et al. | 2012 | 動物, 全身 | oxidative stress in rat brain | 900 MHz | - | continuous for 30 min/day for 10 days | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界, 共ばく露 |
Khalil AM et al. | 2014 | ヒト, 身体の一部: right ear | oxidative stress in saliva | 1,800 MHz | 1.09 W/kg | continuous for 30 minutes | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム |
Hässig M et al. | 2014 | 動物, cow/Simmental and Brown Swiss, 全身 | oxidative stress in the blood of cattle | 900 MHz | - | intermittent exposure for min. 6 h 36 min, max. 19 h and 16 h 43 min on average per day with a standard deviation of 3 h 03 min for 30 days | 携帯電話基地局, GSM, 移動体通信システム, PW パルス波 |
Sokolovic D et al. | 2008 | 動物, rat/Wistar albino, 全身 | oxidative stress in the brain | 900 MHz | 0.135 W/kg | repeated daily exposure, 4 h/day, for 20, 40, and 60 days | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波 |
Narayanan SN et al. | 2014 | 動物, rat/Wistar albino, 全身 | oxidative stress in the brain | 890–915 MHz | 1.58 W/kg | intermittent for 1 h/day for 28 days | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Esmekaya MA et al. | 2016 | 動物, mouse/Swiss albino, 全身 | oxidative stress in the brain | 900 MHz | 0.301–0.367 W/kg | continuous for 15 minutes and 30 minutes | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Jelodar G et al. | 2013 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 | oxidative stress in the eye | 900 MHz | - | continuous for 4 h/day on 45 days | 携帯電話基地局, 移動体通信システム |
Djordjevic B et al. | 2015 | 動物, rat/Wistar albino, 全身 | oxidative stress in the rat liver | 900 MHz | 0.089 W/g | continuous for 4h/day for 20, 40 or 60 days | GSM, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界, 共ばく露 |
Sokolovic D et al. | 2015 | 動物, rat/Wistar albino, 全身 | oxidative stress in the testes | 900 MHz | 0.043–0.135 W/kg | continuous for 4 hours/day for 20, 40 or 60 days | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, 共ばく露 |
Koyu A et al. | 2009 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 | oxidative stress induced liver damage (hepato-toxicity) | 900 MHz | - | continuous for 1 h/day for 30 days | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界 |
Tomruk A et al. | 2010 | 動物, rabbit/New Zealand White, 全身 | oxidative stress induced liver damage (hepato-toxicity: DNA damage, lipid peroxidation and malondialdehyde level) | 1,800 MHz | - | continuous for 15 min/day on 7 days | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, PW パルス波 |
Hou Q et al. | 2015 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, NIH3T3 cells (mouse fibroblast cell line) | oxidative stress, DNA damage and apoptosis in mouse embryonic fibroblasts | 1,800 MHz | 2 W/kg | intermittent exposure (5 min on/10 min off) for 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 4, 6 or 8 hours | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Cao Y et al. | 2009 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, SHG44 cells (human glioma cells) | oxidative stress, cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis | 900 MHz | - | continuous for 2 h/day on 3 days | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, 共ばく露 |
Sokolovic D et al. | 2013 | 動物, rat/Wistar, 全身 | oxidative stress, proliferation and apoptosis in thymocytes, genotoxicity | 900 MHz | 0.043–0.135 W/g | continuous for 4 hours/day on 20, 40 or 60 consecutive days | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Özgüner F et al. | 2005 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 | oxidative stress-induced heart impairment | 900 MHz | 0.016–4 W/kg | repeated daily exposure, 30 min/day for 10 days | GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Koyu A et al. | 2005 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 | oxidative stress-induced liver impairment | 1,800 MHz | 2 W/kg | repeated daily exposure, 1 h/day, for 30 days | デジタル携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波 |
Özgüner F et al. | 2005 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 | oxidative stress-induced renal impairment | 900 MHz | 0.016–4 W/kg | repeated daily exposure, 30 min/day for 3 months | 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話 |
Özgüner F et al. | 2005 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 | oxidative stress-induced renal impairment | 900 MHz | 1.04 W/kg | repeated daily exposure, 30 min/day for 10 days | 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話 |
Özgüner F et al. | 2006 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 | oxidative stress-induced retinal impairment | 900 MHz | 0.016–4 W/kg | repeated daily exposure for 30 min/day for 60 days | GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Lu YS et al. | 2012 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養 | oxidative stress: reactive oxygen species formation, apoptosis and DNA damage | 900 MHz | 0.43 W/kg | continuous for 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h or 8 h | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Yu Y et al. | 2008 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, human lens epithelial cells (HLEC) | protein expression of heat shock proteins, activation (phosphorylation) of mitogen-activated protein kinases | 1.8 GHz | 1 W/kg | up to 2 h | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Kazemi E et al. | 2015 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, human peripheral blood | reactive oxygen species in monocytes and lymphocytes | 900 MHz | - | continuous for 2 hours | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, PW パルス波 |
Sieroń K et al. | 2021 | 動物, 全身 | redox balance | 50 Hz | - | - | 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話, RF電磁界, 低周波電磁界, 50/60 Hz (AC), 電界, 送電線 |
Deshmukh PS et al. | 2013 | 動物, rat/Fischer 344, 全身 | spatial memory and learning, oxidative stress in blood | 900 MHz | 84.738 µW/kg | 2 h/day, 5 days a week for 30 days | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波 |
Nakatani-Enomoto S et al. | 2016 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, human spermatozoa | sperm motility and oxidative stress | 1,950 MHz | 2–6 W/kg | continuous for 1 hour | 携帯電話, W-CDMA, 移動体通信システム |
De Iuliis GN et al. | 2009 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, human spermatozoa | sperm motility, sperm vitality, sperm density, DNA damage and production of reactive oxygen species | 1.8 GHz | 0.4–27.5 W/kg | continuous for 16 hr | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム |
Balakrishnan K et al. | 2014 | ヒト | stress marker levels in the blood | - | - | daily mobile phone > 5 hours for 1-5 years | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム |
Simko M et al. | 2006 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, Mono Mac 6 cells (human monocytes) | stress protein expression and free radical release | 1,800 MHz | 2 W/kg | continuous for 60 min | GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Stagg RB et al. | 2001 | 動物, rat/Fischer 344, 身体の一部: head | stress response | 1.6 GHz | 0.6–5 W/kg | continuous for 2 h | デジタル携帯電話, IRIDIUM, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波 |
Laszlo A et al. | 2005 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, HeLa S3 (human cervical carcinoma cell line); hamster ovary HA-1 fibroblasts; C3H 10T1/2 (mouse fibroblast cells) | stress response (DNA-binding activity of heat-shock factor) | 835.62 MHz | 0.6–5 W/kg | continuous for 5, 15, 30 and 60 min or 24 h | CDMA, FDMA, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波 |
Sanchez S et al. | 2007 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, normal human epidermal keratinocytes and normal human dermal fibroblasts | stress response (expression of heat shock proteins and apoptosis) | 1,800 MHz | 2 W/kg | continuous for 48 h | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Lee JS et al. | 2005 | 動物, mouse/<i>hsp</i>70.1-deficient (<i>hsp</i>70.1 -/-) and wild type (<i>hsp</i>70.1 +/+), 全身 | stress response (expression of heat shock proteins) | 849 MHz | 0.4 W/kg | twice daily for 45 min with a 15 min interval, 5 days a week for 4, 8 and 10 weeks | CDMA, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界 |
Finnie JW et al. | 2009 | 動物, mouse/BALB/c, 全身 | stress response (induction of heat shock proteins) in fetal brain | 900 MHz | 4 W/kg | 60 min/day from day 1 to day 19 of gestation | 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話, GSM, PW パルス波 |
Lantow M et al. | 2006 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, Mono Mac 6 (human monocytes) and K562 cells (human erythroleukemic cell line) | stress response (production of free radicals and expression of heat shock proteins) | 1,800 MHz | 0.5–2 W/kg | continuous for 45 min | GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Goswami PC et al. | 1999 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, C3H 10T1/2 cells (derived from mouse embryo fibroblasts) | stress response (proto-oncogene expression and DNA-binding activity of transcription factors) | 835.62 MHz | 0.6 W/kg | continuous for 24 h or 4 days | 移動体通信システム, CDMA |
Lantow M et al. | 2006 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養 | stress response (reactive oxygen species production; HSP70 expression) | 1,800 MHz | 2 W/kg | continuous or intermittent (5 min on/off) for 30 or 45 min | GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Roux D et al. | 2006 | 植物, tomato (<i>Lycopersicon esculentum</i> Mill.)/VFN8, 全身 | stress response of tomato | 900 MHz | - | continuous for 10 min | 移動体通信システム, GSM |
Vian A et al. | 2006 | 植物, tomato (<i>Lycopersicon esculentum</i> Mill.)/VFN8, 全身 | stress response of tomato | 900 MHz | - | continuous for 10 min | 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波 |
Saikhedkar N et al. | 2014 | 動物, rat/Wistar, 全身 | structure and function of the rat brain and oxidative stress | 900 MHz | 0.99 W/kg | continuous for 4 h/day for 15 days | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム |
Hidisoglu E et al. | 2016 | 動物, rat/Wistar albino, 身体の一部: head | visual evoked potentials and oxidative stress in the brain | 2,100 MHz | 0.57–0.95 W/kg | - | GSM, 移動体通信システム, RF電磁界 |
Akbari A et al. | 2014 | 動物, ラット/SD, 全身 | ラットの脳での酸化ストレス | 900 MHz | - | continuous for 4 h/day for 45 days | 携帯電話基地局, 移動体通信システム, 共ばく露 |
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