Studientyp:
Epidemiologische Studie
Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields and the Risk of Childhood B-Lineage Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in a City With High Incidence of Leukemia and Elevated Exposure to ELF Magnetic Fields
epidem.
[Niederfrequente Magnetfelder und das Risiko für akute lymphoblastische B-Zell-Leukämie im Kindesalter in einer Stadt mit einer hohen Leukämie-Inzidenz und erhöhter Exposition bei niederfrequenten Magnetfeldern]
Von:
Núñez-Enríquez JC, Correa-Correa V, Flores-Lujano J, Pérez-Saldivar ML, Jiménez-Hernández E, Martín-Trejo JA, Espinoza-Hernández LE, Medina-Sanson A, Cárdenas-Cardos R, Flores-Villegas LV, Peñaloza-González JG, Torres-Nava JR, Espinosa-Elizondo RM, Amador-Sánchez R, Rivera-Luna R, Dosta-Herrera JJ, Mondragón-García JA, González-Ulibarri JE, Martínez-Silva SI, Espinoza-Anrubio G, Duarte-Rodríguez DA, García-Cortés LR, Gil-Hernández AE, Mejía-Aranguré JM
Veröffentlicht in: Bioelectromagnetics 2020; 41 (8): 581-597
Ziel der Studie (lt. Autor)
Endpunkt/Art der Risikoabschätzung
Art der Abschätzung:
(Odds Ratio (OR))
Exposition
Abschätzung
- Messung: 24-stündige Messung der magnetischen Flussdichte im Schlafzimmer des Kindes in der Nähe des Bettes
- Berechnung: geometrische Mittelwerte der Messwerte
Expositionsgruppen
|
Gruppe
|
Charakteristik
|
|
Referenzgruppe 1
|
magnetische Flussdichte: < 0,2 µT
|
|
Gruppe 2
|
magnetische Flussdichte: ≥ 0,2 µT
|
|
Referenzgruppe 3
|
magnetische Flussdichte: < 0,2 µT
|
|
Gruppe 4
|
magnetische Flussdichte: ≥ 0,2 - < 0,3 µT
|
|
Gruppe 5
|
magnetische Flussdichte: ≥ 0,3 µT
|
|
Referenzgruppe 6
|
magnetische Flussdichte: < 0,2 µT
|
|
Gruppe 7
|
magnetische Flussdichte: ≥ 0,2 - < 0,4 µT
|
|
Gruppe 8
|
magnetische Flussdichte: ≥ 0,4 µT
|
|
Referenzgruppe 9
|
magnetische Flussdichte: < 0,2 µT
|
|
Gruppe 10
|
magnetische Flussdichte: ≥ 0,2 - < 0,5 µT
|
|
Gruppe 11
|
magnetische Flussdichte: ≥ 0,5 µT
|
|
Referenzgruppe 12
|
magnetische Flussdichte: < 0,2 µT
|
|
Gruppe 13
|
magnetische Flussdichte: ≥ 0,2 - < 0,6 µT
|
|
Gruppe 14
|
magnetische Flussdichte: ≥ 0,6 µT
|
Population
-
Gruppe:
-
Alter:
0–15 Jahre
-
Beobachtungszeitraum:
2010 - 2011
-
Studienort:
Mexiko (Mexico City)
Fallgruppe
Kontrollgruppe
Studiengröße
|
Fälle |
Kontrollen |
| Anzahl kontaktiert |
364 |
505 |
| Teilnehmerzahl |
297 |
412 |
| Teilnehmerrate |
81,6 % |
81,5 % |
| Anzahl auswertbar |
290 |
407 |
Statistische Analysemethode:
- unkonditionale logistische Regression
(
Anpassung:
- Alter
- Geschlecht
- SES der Eltern, Wohncharakteristika (Bodenmaterial, Wohnungstyp)
)
Ergebnisse (lt. Autor)
In der Studie war der Anteil der Kinder mit einer Exposition bei einer magnetischen Flussdichte ≥ 0,3 μT (14,4 % der Fälle und 11,3 % der Kontrollen) unter den höchsten der weltweit berichteten Anteilen.
Für die jeweils höchste Expositions-Kategorien wurde ein Zusammenhang mit einem erhöhten Risiko für B-ALL im Vergleich zu der jeweiligen Referenzgruppe gefunden, davon waren die Ergebnisse für die Kategorie ≥ 0,4μT (Gruppe 8: OR 1,87; KI 1,04-3,35) und die Kategorie ≥ 0,6 μT (Gruppe 14: OR 2,32; KI 1,10-4,93) statistisch signifikant. Bei der Analyse der Exposition als kontinuierliche Variable (pro 0,2 µT-Intervall) wurde ein erhöhten Risiko für B-ALL (OR 1,06; KI 1,01-1,12) gefunden.
Die Autoren schlussfolgerten, dass eine Exposition bei niederfrequenten Magnetfeldern (als kontinuierliche Variable) mit einem moderaten Risiko für B-ALL bei Kindern zusammenhing. Außerdem könnte eine Exposition bei ≥ 0,4 μT mit einem Risiko für B-ALL zusammenhängen.
Einschränkungen (lt. Autor)
Studie gefördert durch
-
Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT; National Council for Science and Technology), Mexico
-
Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico
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